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Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 33-34

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  • #31
    Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 16

    April 15 to April 21, 2012 (Week 16)

    Posted 2012-04-27For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
    <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 159 KB - 7 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w16_12/pdf/fw2012-16-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: April 15 to April 21, 2012 (Week 16) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 159 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 7 pages)

    ?? Help with PDF documents

    Overall Influenza Summary
    • Although the peak of activity for the 2011-2012 influenza season in Canada has passed, several regions are still reporting elevated influenza activity (i.e. in the Atlantic Region, Quebec, Ontario, and the Prairies).
    • Thirty-one outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (18 in LTCFs, 2 in schools and 11 others).
    • In week 16, 731 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (14.1% - A(H3); 5.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 16.8% - unsubtyped and 63.2% influenza B). To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
    • 106 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (18 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 88 adult through aggregate surveillance)
    • The ILI consultation rate declined compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

    <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

    In week 16, 21 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, , <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR> & <ABBR title="Newfoundland and Labrador">NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 28 regions (within all provinces and territories except in NL) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Thirty-one outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 18 in long-term care facilities (3 in AB, 1 in SK, 2 in MB, 5 in ON, 5 in QC, 1 in NS & 1 in NL), 2 in schools (in NB) and 11 others (3 in AB, 5 in ON & 3 in NL) (Figure 3).
    Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
    Canada, Week 16










    Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
    Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
    Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
    localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


    ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
    Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
    Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

    Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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    Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

    The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline this week and was 17.4% (731/4,211) (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza A (6.4%) and influenza B (11.0%) declined compared to the previous week. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
    Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 48.6% influenza A (40.7% - A(H3); 18.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.5% - unsubtyped) and 51.4% influenza B (Table 1).
    Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 8,627 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.2% were < 5 years; 18.0% were between 5-19 years; 22.4% were between 20-44 years; 15.3% were between 45-64 years of age; 22.9% were >= 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those >=65 years of age (24%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (47%).
    In week 16, the percentage positive for other respiratory viruses remained similar to the previous week : RSV-7.4%; parainfluenza-1.3%; adenovirus-1.9%; hMPV-3.7%; rhinovirus-8.9 %; and coronavirus-3.1% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
    by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
    (April 15 to April 21, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
    (August 28, 2011 to April 21, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
    ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
    (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
    Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">28 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">18 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">9 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">532 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">429 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">90 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">13 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">90 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">92 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">63 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">12 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">17 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">22 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1191 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">943 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">191 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">57 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">164 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">17 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">9 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">494 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">311 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">47 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">136 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">62 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">68 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">53 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">192 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">25 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">10 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">10 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">158 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">870 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">218 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">470 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">182 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2356 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
    </TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">82 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">75 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">190 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1670 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">56 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">92 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1522 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1837 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
    </TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">6 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">57 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">62 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">17 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">26 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">19 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">240 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
    </TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">14 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">9 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">88 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
    </TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">38 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
    </TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">12 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">11 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">71 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">30 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">31 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">198 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">269 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">103 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">43 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">123 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">462 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">4975 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2023 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">935 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2017 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">5265 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
    reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
    *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
    April 15 to April 21, 2012 </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
    (Aug. 28, 2011 to April 21, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
    These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">31 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">10 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">16 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">46 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">894 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">193 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">318 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">383 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">934 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">16 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">11 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">38 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">518 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">74 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">261 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">183 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1032 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">24 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">11 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">44 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1170 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">253 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">430 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">487 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">765 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">26 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">6 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">13 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">40 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">792 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">164 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">268 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">360 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">529 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">67 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">30 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">37 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">85 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1076 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">64 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">659 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">353 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">896 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">18 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">11 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">164 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">16 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">60 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">88 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">253 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">4468 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">754 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1947 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1767 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">4159 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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    Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
    by report week, 2011-2012


    Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
    Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
    Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


    Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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    Influenza strain characterizations

    Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 969 influenza viruses (189 A/H3N2, 178 A/H1N1 and 602 B). Of the 189 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NT), 170 (90.0%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 19 (10.0%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 178 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 173 (97.2%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 5 (2.8%) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 602 influenza B viruses characterized, 306 (50.8%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 306 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 296 (49.2%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
    Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 969

    Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
    Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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    Antiviral resistance

    Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 937 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 936 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 558 influenza A viruses (309 H3N2 and 249 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">182 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">183 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">309 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">308 (99.7%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">190 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">190 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">249 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">249 (100%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">565 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">565 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA* </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA* </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">937 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">938 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">558 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">557 (99.8%) </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

    Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

    The national ILI consultation rate declined from the previous week (17.5 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 16) but remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed children under 5 (41.4/1,000 visits) and in those between 5 to 19 years old (19.2/1,000 visits).
    Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

    Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
    Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
    Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

    Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)

    In week 16, 18 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Four hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC & QC); 1 was due to A(H3N2) (in AB), 1 was due to A(H1N1) (in AB) and 12 were due to influenza B (in AB, ON, QC & NS).

    To date this season, 502 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 223 (44.4%) were due to influenza A and 279 (55.6%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.1% among infants <6 months of age; 20.9% among children 6-23 months of age; 31.5% were between 2-4 years; 22.1% were between 5-9 years; and 10.4% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 4 influenza B associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network.
    Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

    Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

    In week 16, 123 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 35 (28.5%) were in those < 20 years of age and 88 (71.5%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 24.4% due to influenza A and 75.6% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported in AB (10), MB (5), ON (103), PE (1) and NL (4). Of the 123 hospitalizations, 1 required admission to ICU (MB) and was associated with influenza A(H1N1)pmd09 infection. In addition, there were 5 adult influenza-associated deaths reported (in ON); all 5 deaths were associated with influenza B infection and all cases were ≥ 65 years of age.

    To date this season, 1,354 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The largest proportion of cases was observed in those > 65 years of age (32.3%). Influenza B (55.6%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A (44.4%); of those influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (57.9%). There have been 55 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 29.1% were < 20 years of age and 70.9% were ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 76 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 6.6% were among those < 20 years of age and 93.4% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 78.9% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

    Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

    .../
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

    Comment


    • #32
      Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 17

      April 22 to April 28, 2012 (Week 17)

      Posted 2012-05-04For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
      <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w17_12/pdf/fw2012-17-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: April 22 to April 28, 2012 (Week 17) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

      ?? Help with PDF documents

      Overall Influenza Summary
      • Overall, influenza activity in Canada continues to decline; however, several regions are still reporting elevated influenza activity (i.e. in the Atlantic Region, Quebec, Ontario, and the Prairies).
      • Twenty outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week (8 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 6 in schools and 6 others).
      • In week 17, 524 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (11.1% - A(H3); 6.1% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 15.6% - unsubtyped and 67.2% influenza B). To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
      • Fifty-one influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (13 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 38 adult through aggregate surveillance)
      • The ILI consultation rate increased compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

      <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

      In week 17, 1 region (within <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported widespread activity, 17 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 29 regions (within all provinces and territories except in PEI) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Twenty outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 8 in long-term care facilities (1 in SK, 5 in ON & 2 in QC), 6 in schools (2 in AB, 2 in NB, 1 in NS & 1 in PEI) and 6 others (2 in AB, 1 in ON, 1 in NS & 2 in NL) (Figure 3).
      Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
      Canada, Week 17










      Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
      Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
      Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
      localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



      ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
      Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
      Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


      Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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      Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

      The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline this week and was 15.2% (524/3,447) (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza A (5.0%) and influenza B (10.2%) declined compared to the previous week. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
      Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 47.8% influenza A (40.6% - A(H3); 19.0% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.4% - unsubtyped) and 52.2% influenza B (Table 1).
      Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 9,047 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.2% were < 5 years; 17.9% were between 5-19 years; 22.2% were between 20-44 years; 15.3% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.1% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥65 years of age (24%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (47%).
      In week 17, the percentage positive for other respiratory viruses remained similar to the previous week : <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-6.3%; parainfluenza-1.5%; adenovirus-1.8%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-3.8%; rhinovirus-9.4%; and coronavirus-1.9% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
      by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
      (April 22 to April 28, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
      (August 28, 2011 to April 28, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
      ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
      (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
      Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">545</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">437</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">90</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">96</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1263</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">985</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">220</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">189</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">504</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">315</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">142</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">69</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">69</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">213</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">112</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">889</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">225</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">478</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2467</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">126</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1711</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">92</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1562</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1963</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">80</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">288</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">92</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">42</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">201</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">172</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">82</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">352</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5153</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2094</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">977</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2082</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">5620</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
      reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
      *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
      April 22 to April 28, 2012</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
      (Aug. 28, 2011 to April 28, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
      These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">930</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">208</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">331</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">391</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">985</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">529</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">75</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">267</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">187</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1092</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1197</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">267</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">435</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">495</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">815</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">817</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">170</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">276</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">371</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">569</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1126</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">688</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">372</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">966</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">90</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">153</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">4617</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">792</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2008</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1817</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">4430</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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      Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
      by report week, 2011-2012



      Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
      Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
      Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


      Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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      Influenza strain characterizations

      Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,010 influenza viruses (196 A/H3N2, 182 A/H1N1 and 632 B). Of the 196 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NT), 177 (90.3%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 19 (9.7%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 182 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 177 (97.3%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 5 (2.7%) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 632 influenza B viruses characterized, 315 (49.8%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 315 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 317 (50.2%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage.(Figure 6)
      Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 010

      Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
      Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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      Antiviral resistance

      Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 990 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 989 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 591 influenza A viruses (328 H3N2 and 263 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">191</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">190</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">328</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">327 (99.7%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">198</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">197</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">263</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">263 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">601</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">602</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">990</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">989</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">591</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">590 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

      Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

      The national ILI consultation rate increased from the previous week (23.9 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 17) but remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed children under 5 (48.2/1,000 visits) and in those between 5 to 19 years old (29.6/1,000 visits).
      Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

      Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
      Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
      Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

      Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
      In week 17, 13 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Four hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in QC & NL) and 9 were due to influenza B (in ON, QC & NL). One paediatric death was reported in week 17 (in AB) and was associated with influenza B infection.
      To date this season, 524 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 230 (43.9%) were due to influenza A and 294 (56.1%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.9% among infants <6 months of age; 20.4% among children 6-23 months of age; 31.1% were between 2-4 years; 23.1% were between 5-9 years; and 10.5% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 5 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; all associated with influenza B infection.
      Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.
      Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)
      In week 17, 67 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 29 (43.3%) were in those < 20 years of age and 38 (56.7%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 32.8% due to influenza A and 67.2% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (11), MB (5), ON (47), NS (1) and NL (3). Of the 67 hospitalizations, 4 required admission to ICU (2 in AB & 2 in MB) and 2 were associated with influenza B infection. In week 17, 2 influenza-associated deaths were reported (1 in ON & 1 in AB); both deaths were associated with influenza B infection (1 was a pediatric death and the other was of unknown age).
      To date this season, 1,439 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The largest proportion of cases was observed in those > 65 years of age (32.5%). Influenza B (55.6%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A (44.4%); of those influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (58.4%). There have been 62 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 32.3% were in those < 20 years of age and 67.7% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 80 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.3% were of unknown age, 7.5% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.3% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 78.1% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.
      Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

      .../
      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
      -Nelson Mandela

      Comment


      • #33
        Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 18

        April 29 to May 5, 2012 (Week 18)

        Posted 2012-05-11For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
        <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w18_12/pdf/fw2012-18-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: April 29 to May 5, 2012 (Week 18) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

        ?? Help with PDF documents

        Overall Influenza Summary
        • Overall, influenza activity in Canada continues to decline; all indicators of influenza activity have declined compared to the previous week.
        • Thirteen outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (7 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 4 in schools and 2 others).
        • In week 18, 434 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (12.7% - A(H3); 4.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 17.1% - unsubtyped and 65.4% influenza B).
        • Seventy-three influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (14 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 59 adult through aggregate surveillance)
        • The ILI consultation rate declined compared to the previous week and is slightly above expected levels for this time of year.

        <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

        In week 18, 15 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Yukon Territory">YT</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 26 regions (within all provinces and territories except in NS & YT) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Thirteen outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 7 in long-term care facilities (2 in AB, 1 in MB, 1 in ON, 2 in QC & 1 in NS), 4 in schools (2 in NB & 2 in YT) and 2 others (1 in NS & 1 in NU) (Figure 3).
        Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
        Canada, Week 18










        Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
        Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
        Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
        localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



        ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
        Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
        Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


        Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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        Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

        The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline this week and was 13.5% (434/3,210) (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza A (4.7%) and influenza B (8.8%) declined compared to the previous week.
        Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 47.2% influenza A (40.8% - A(H3); 19.1% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.2% - unsubtyped) and 52.8% influenza B (Table 1).
        Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 9,432 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.0% were < 5 years; 17.0% were between 5-19 years; 22.1% were between 20-44 years; 15.5% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.3% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥65 years of age (25%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (47%).
        The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections has been increasing over the past several weeks and was at 11.7% in week 18. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low and were similar to the previous week : <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-4.4%; parainfluenza-1.8%; adenovirus-1.8%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-4.5%; and coronavirus-1.6% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
        by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
        </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
        (April 29 to May 5, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
        (August 28, 2011 to May 5, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
        ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
        (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
        Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">557</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">448</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">93</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">105</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1297</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1008</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">238</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">203</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">500</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">134</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">72</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">224</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">917</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">240</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">486</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">191</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2571</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">115</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1763</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">94</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1608</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2078</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">90</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">313</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">44</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">79</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">209</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">284</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5291</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2157</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1008</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2126</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">5912</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
        reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
        *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
        April 29 to May 5, 2012</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
        (Aug. 28, 2011 to May 5, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
        These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight>47</TD><TD class=alignRight>37</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>7</TD><TD class=alignRight>959</TD><TD class=alignRight>220</TD><TD class=alignRight>339</TD><TD class=alignRight>400</TD><TD class=alignRight>1019</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight>56</TD><TD class=alignRight>51</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>539</TD><TD class=alignRight>77</TD><TD class=alignRight>272</TD><TD class=alignRight>190</TD><TD class=alignRight>1155</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight>51</TD><TD class=alignRight>43</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>9</TD><TD class=alignRight>1225</TD><TD class=alignRight>276</TD><TD class=alignRight>444</TD><TD class=alignRight>505</TD><TD class=alignRight>855</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight>54</TD><TD class=alignRight>44</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>845</TD><TD class=alignRight>176</TD><TD class=alignRight>288</TD><TD class=alignRight>381</TD><TD class=alignRight>613</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight>90</TD><TD class=alignRight>75</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>22</TD><TD class=alignRight>1172</TD><TD class=alignRight>70</TD><TD class=alignRight>708</TD><TD class=alignRight>394</TD><TD class=alignRight>1029</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>18</TD><TD class=alignRight>6</TD><TD class=alignRight>11</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight>298</TD><TD class=alignRight>250</TD><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>36</TD><TD class=alignRight>50</TD><TD class=alignRight>4758</TD><TD class=alignRight>825</TD><TD class=alignRight>2062</TD><TD class=alignRight>1871</TD><TD class=alignRight>4674</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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        Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
        by report week, 2011-2012



        Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
        Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
        Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


        Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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        Influenza strain characterizations

        Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,122 influenza viruses (201 A/H3N2, 189 A/H1N1 and 732 B). Of the 201 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NT), 90.5% (182) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 9.5% (19) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 189 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.4% (184) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.6% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 732 influenza B viruses characterized, 47.5% (348) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 348 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 52.5% (384) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
        Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 122

        Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
        Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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        Antiviral resistance

        Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,076 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,078 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 621 influenza A viruses (341 H3N2 and 280 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">194</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">194</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">341</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">340 (99.7%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">280</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">280 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">671</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">673</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,076</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,078</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">621</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">620 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

        Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

        The national ILI consultation rate declined (17.1 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 18) compared to the previous week but is slightly above the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). This may partly be due to the late start of the influenza season this year compared to previous years. The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those between 5 to 19 years old (37.6/1,000 visits) and children under 5 years of age (30.0/1,000 visits).
        Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

        Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
        Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
        Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

        Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
        In week 18, 14 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. One hospitalization was due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in SK) and 13 were due to influenza B (in BC, SK, ON & QC).

        To date this season, 543 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 42.7% (232) were due to influenza A and 57.3% (311) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.3% among infants <6 months of age; 21.0% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.4% were between 2-4 years; 23.4% were between 5-9 years; and 9.9% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 5 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; all associated with influenza B infection.

        Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

        Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)
        In week 18, 95 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 37.9% (36) were in those < 20 years of age and 62.1% (59) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 19.8% were due to influenza A and 80.2% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from MB (4), ON (90), and PE (1). In week 18, 3 influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON); all were associated with influenza B infection and all were ≥ 65 years of age.

        To date this season, 1,536 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (32.8%). Influenza B (57.0%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A (43.0%); of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (58.1%). There have been 62 hospitalizations requiring <ABBR title="intensive care unit">ICU</ABBR> admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 32.3% were in those < 20 years of age and 67.7% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 83 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.2% were of unknown age, 7.2% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.6% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 78.9% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

        Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.
        The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

        .../
        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
        -Nelson Mandela

        Comment


        • #34
          Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 19

          May 6 to May 12, 2012 (Week 19)

          Posted 2012-05-18For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
          <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w19_12/pdf/fw2012-19-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: May 6 to May 12, 2012 (Week 19) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

          ?? Help with PDF documents

          Overall Influenza Summary
          • Overall, influenza activity in Canada continues to decline; most indicators of influenza activity have declined compared to the previous week. Reports of localized influenza activity were still reported in regions in Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, New Brunswick and Nunavut.
          • Nine outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (6 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 1 in a school and 2 others).
          • In week 19, 304 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (9.9% - A(H3); 4.6% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 22.4% - unsubtyped and 63.2% influenza B).
          • Seventy-seven influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (13 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 64 adult through aggregate surveillance)
          • The ILI consultation rate declined considerably compared to the previous week and is below expected levels for this time of year.

          <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

          In week 19, 11 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 26 regions (within all provinces and territories except in <ABBR title="Northwest Territories">NT</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Nine outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 6 in long-term care facilities (3 in ON & 3 in QC), 1 in a school (in NB) and 2 others (1 in NL & 1 in NU) (Figure 3).
          Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
          Canada, Week 19










          Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
          Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
          Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
          localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



          ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
          Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
          Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


          Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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          Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

          The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline this week and was 9.7% (304/3,124) in week 19 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza A (3.6%) and influenza B (6.1%) declined compared to the previous week.
          Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 47.0% influenza A (40.5% - A(H3); 18.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.6% - unsubtyped) and 53.0% influenza B (Table 1).
          Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 9,583 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.9% were < 5 years; 17.8% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.4% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.6% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥65 years of age (24%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46%) and those ≥65 years of age (23%).
          The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections was similar to the previous week (11.3% in week 19) and has surpassed the percentage positive for influenza viruses. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low and were similar to the previous week : <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-4.2%; parainfluenza-2.7%; adenovirus-2.9%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-3.0%; and coronavirus-1.1% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
          by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
          </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
          (May 6 to May 12, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
          (August 28, 2011 to May 12, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
          ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
          (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
          Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">565</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">455</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">93</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">112</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1312</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1010</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">246</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">222</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">509</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">142</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">77</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">233</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">76</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">927</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">489</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2649</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1816</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">69</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">96</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1651</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2139</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">322</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">50</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">209</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">112</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">192</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5404</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2187</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1023</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2194</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6106</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
          reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
          *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
          May 6 to May 12, 2012</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
          (Aug. 28, 2011 to May 12, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
          These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">971</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">220</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">341</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">410</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1035</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">547</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">78</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">276</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">193</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1155</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1225</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">276</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">444</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">505</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">884</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">866</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">177</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">397</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">613</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">65</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1172</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">708</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">394</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1094</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">92</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">180</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">4799</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">827</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2072</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1900</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">4784</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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          Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
          by report week, 2011-2012



          Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
          Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
          Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


          Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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          Influenza strain characterizations

          Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,202 influenza viruses (202 A/H3N2, 193 A/H1N1 and 807 B). Of the 202 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NT), 90.1% (182) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 9.9% (20) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 193 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.4% (188) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.6% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 807 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.5% (391) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 391 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.5% (416) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
          Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 202

          Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
          Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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          Antiviral resistance

          Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,149 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,150 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 648 influenza A viruses (348 H3N2 and 300 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">196</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">196</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">348</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">347 (99.7%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">215</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">215</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">300</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">300 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">738</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">739</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,149</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">648</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">647 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

          Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

          The national ILI consultation rate in week 19 (4.2 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits) declined considerably compared to the previous week and is below the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The steep decline in ILI consultations is partly due to the lower ILI observed for this time of year and may also be due to the low sentinel response rates observed for week 19 (i.e. some sentinel physicians have stopped reporting for the 2011-2012 influenza season). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 years of age (9.7/1,000 visits) and those between 5 to 19 years old (4.6/1,000 visits).
          Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

          Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
          Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
          Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

          Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
          In week 19, 13 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Four hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, ON & QC) and 9 were due to influenza B (in BC, AB, ON & QC).

          To date this season, 559 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 42.9% (240) were due to influenza A and 57.1% (319) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.7% among infants <6 months of age; 20.6% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.6% were between 2-4 years; 24.3% were between 5-9 years; and 9.8% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 5 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; all associated with influenza B infection.

          Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

          Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

          In week 19, 90 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 28.9% (26) were in those < 20 years of age and 71.1% (64) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 33.3% were due to influenza A and 66.7% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (7), MB (5), ON (66), and NL (12). Of the 90 hospitalizations, 3 required admission to ICU (NL) and were associated with an influenza A untyped infection. In week 19, 4 influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON); all were associated with influenza B infection and all were ≥ 65 years of age.

          To date this season, 1,674 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.7%). Influenza B (56.1%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A (43.9%); of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.5%). There have been 70 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 30.0% were in those < 20 years of age and 70.0% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 88 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.1% were of unknown age, 6.8% were among those < 20 years of age and 92.0% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 80.2% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

          Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.

          The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

          .../
          "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
          -Nelson Mandela

          Comment


          • #35
            Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 20

            May 13 to May 19, 2012 (Week 20)

            Posted 2012-05-25For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
            <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w20_12/pdf/fw2012-20-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: May 13 to May 19, 2012 (Week 20) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

            ?? Help with PDF documents

            Overall Influenza Summary
            • Overall, influenza activity in Canada continues to decline; most indicators of influenza activity have declined compared to the previous week. Reports of localized influenza activity were still reported in regions in Ontario, Quebec and Alberta.
            • Five outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (2 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 1 in a hospital and 2 others).
            • In week 20, 181 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 46% were for influenza A viruses (44.6% - A(H3); 15.7% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 39.8% - unsubtyped) and 54% for influenza B viruses.
            • Thirty-three influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (11 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 22 adult through aggregate surveillance)
            • The ILI consultation rate increased compared to the previous week and is within expected levels for this time of year.
            <HR SIZE=1>NOTE: This is the final weekly report for the 2011-12 influenza season. Bi-weekly reports will commence on June 8th (for weeks 21 and 22). However, laboratory detections reported through the <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detection Surveillance System">RVDSS</ABBR> and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

            <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

            In week 20, 6 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 23 regions (within all provinces and territories except in <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR> & <ABBR title="Northwest Territories">NT</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Note that Saskatchewan's community and sentinel physician ILI surveillance program is now in hiatus until mid Fall, 2012; however respiratory virus surveillance through the laboratories will continue year-round. Five outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 2 in long-term care facilities (in ON & in AB), 1 in a hospital (in QC) and 2 others (in ON) (Figure 3).
            Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
            Canada, Week 20










            Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
            Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
            Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
            localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



            ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
            Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
            Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


            Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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            Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

            The proportion of positive influenza tests declined slightly this week and was 8.6% (181/2,100) in week 20 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A viruses increased slightly and was 3.9% in week 20 while the percent positive for influenza B viruses declined and was 4.7%.
            Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.9% influenza A (40.7% - A(H3); 18.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.3% - unsubtyped) and 53.1% influenza B (Table 1).
            Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 9,812 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.9% were < 5 years; 18.0% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.4% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.5% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (23%).
            The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections increased slightly compared to the previous week (14.6% in week 20) and has the highest percentage positive compared to the other respiratory viruses, including influenza. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low and were similar to the previous week: <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>4.8%; parainfluenza-2.4%; adenovirus-3.9%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-1.3%; and coronavirus-1.4% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
            by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
            </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
            (May 13 to May 19, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
            (August 28, 2011 to May 19, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
            ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
            (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
            Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">585</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">471</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">119</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1327</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1019</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">254</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">241</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">515</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">148</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">79</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">237</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">929</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">489</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">197</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2657</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1835</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1667</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2187</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">101</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">331</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">211</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">83</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5488</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2236</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1037</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2214</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6206</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
            reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
            *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
            May 13 to May 19, 2012</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
            (Aug. 28, 2011 to May 19, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
            These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">994</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">230</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">347</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">417</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1052</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">561</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">82</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">279</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">200</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1201</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1255</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">284</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">458</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">513</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">903</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">887</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">183</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">298</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">406</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">628</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1206</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">72</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">728</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">406</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1104</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">119</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">4921</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">857</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2121</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1943</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">4891</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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            Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
            by report week, 2011-2012



            Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
            Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
            Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


            Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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            Influenza strain characterizations

            Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,251 influenza viruses (224 A/H3N2, 199 A/H1N1 and 828 B). Of the 224 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NT), 91.1% (204) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.9% (20) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 199 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.5% (194) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.5% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 828 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.3% (400) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 400 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.7% (428) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
            Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 251

            Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
            Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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            Antiviral resistance

            Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,187 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,185 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 697 influenza A viruses (376 H3N2 and 321 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">202</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">200</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">376</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">375 (99.7%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">223</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">223</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">321</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">321 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">762</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">762</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,187</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,185</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">697</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">696 (99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

            Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

            The national ILI consultation rate in week 20 (14.2 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits) increased compared to the previous week and is within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those between 5 to 19 years old (19.4/1,000 visits) and those between 20 to 64 years old (15.1/1,000 visits).
            Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

            Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
            Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
            Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

            Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)

            In week 20, 11 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Two hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in AB & QC) and 9 were due to influenza B (in AB, ON & QC).

            To date this season, 571 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 42.4% (242) were due to influenza A and 57.6% (329) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.5% among infants <6 months of age; 20.1% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.3% were between 2-4 years; 24.7% were between 5-9 years; and 10.3% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 5 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; all associated with influenza B infection.

            Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

            Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

            In week 20, 42 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 47.6% (20) were in those < 20 years of age and 52.4% (22) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 26.1% were due to influenza A and 73.8% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (4), MB (2), and ON (36). Of the 42 hospitalizations, 1 required admission to ICU (MB) and was associated with an influenza B infection. In week 20, 2 influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON); all were associated with influenza B infection and were ≥ 65 years of age.
            To date this season, 1,727 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 39.1% (676) were in those < 20 years of age, 60.8% (1,050) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (1) of unknown age.

            The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.6%). Influenza B (56.6%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A (43.4%); of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.5%). There have been 72 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 29.2% were in those < 20 years of age and 70.8% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 90 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.1% were of unknown age, 6.7% were among those < 20 years of age and 92.2% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 80.7% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

            Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

            .../
            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
            -Nelson Mandela

            Comment


            • #36
              Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 21-22

              May 20 to June 2, 2012 (Weeks 21 & 22)

              Posted 2012-06-08For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
              <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w22_12/pdf/fw2012-22-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: May 20 to June 2, 2012 (Weeks 21 & 22) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

              ?? Help with PDF documents

              Overall Influenza Summary
              • Overall, influenza activity in Canada is low and continues to decline. Reports of localized influenza activity were still reported in regions in Ontario & Quebec (week 21) and Ontario and Alberta (week 22).
              • Two outbreaks of influenza were reported over the 2-week period (1 in a <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR> and 1 in a school).
              • In weeks 21 and 22, a total of 273 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 32% were for influenza A viruses (42.0% - A(H3); 19.3% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 38.6% - unsubtyped) and 68% for influenza B viruses.
              • Thirty-nine influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported over the two-week period (14 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 25 adult through aggregate surveillance)
              • The <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rates continued to decline over the 2-week period and were within expected levels for this time of year.
              <HR>NOTE: Bi-weekly reports will continue until October 12, 2012. However, laboratory detections reported through the <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detection Surveillance System">RVDSS</ABBR> and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

              <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

              In week 21, 5 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 20 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, ON, QC, <ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity. In week 22, 4 regions (within AB & ON) reported localized activity and 20 regions (within BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NL & YT) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). One new long-term care facility outbreak due to influenza A(H3N2) was reported in QC in week 21 and an outbreak of influenza B was reported in a school in AB in week 22 (Figure 3).
              Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
              Canada, Week 22






              Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
              Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
              Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
              localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



              ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
              Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
              Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


              Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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              Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

              The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline and was 7.0% (151/2,144) in week 21 and 6.5% (122/1,886) in week 22 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A viruses in week 22 (2.5%) increased slightly from week 21 (1.9%) while the percent positive for influenza B viruses continued to decline (was 5.1% in week 21 and 4.0% in week 22).
              Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.5% influenza A (40.9% - A(H3); 18.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.2% - unsubtyped) and 53.5% influenza B (Table 1).
              Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 10,143 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.5% were < 5 years; 18.2% were between 5-19 years; 21.9% were between 20-44 years; 15.5% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.5% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (22%).
              The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections declined slightly compared to the previous week (14.3% in week 22) but generally has been increasing since April; the percentage positive for rhinoviruses remain the highest compared to the other respiratory viruses. The percentage positive for parainfluenza viruses has been increasing gradually since mid-April and was 5.8% in week 22. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low in week 22 and declined compared to the previous week : <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-3.5%; adenovirus-1.4%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-0.8%; and coronavirus-1.0% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
              by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
              </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
              (May 20 to June 2, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
              (August 28, 2011 to June 2, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
              ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
              (Un S) Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
              Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">625</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">500</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">143</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1335</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1023</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">258</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">278</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">519</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">91</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">244</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">948</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">491</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">201</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2749</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1847</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1677</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2242</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">334</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">212</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">185</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5587</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2284</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1056</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2247</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6437</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
              reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
              Table 2 note*</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
              May 20 to June 2, 2012</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
              (Aug. 28, 2011 to June 2, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
              These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">989</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">232</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">344</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">413</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1090</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">565</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">284</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1286</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1285</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">290</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">467</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">528</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">941</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">890</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">185</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">305</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">400</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">687</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1260</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">749</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">441</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1125</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">4</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">5010</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">869</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2163</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1978</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">5133</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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              Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
              by report week, 2011-2012



              Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
              Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
              Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


              Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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              Influenza strain characterizations

              Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,345 influenza viruses (239 A/H3N2, 216 A/H1N1 and 890 B). Of the 239 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NT), 91.6% (219) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.4% (20) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 216 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.7% (211) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.3% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 890 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.4% (431) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 431 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.6% (459) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
              Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 345

              Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
              Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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              Antiviral resistance

              Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,371 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,369 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 746 influenza A viruses (403 H3N2 and 343 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">232</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">403</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">402 (99.8%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">249</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">249</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">343</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">343 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">888</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">888</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,371</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,369</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">697</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">745 (99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

              Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

              The national ILI consultation rate continued to decline over the past two weeks and was 10.9 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 21 and 6.5/1,000 visits in week 22 (Figure 7). The rates observed in both weeks were within expected levels for this time of year. The highest consultation rate in week 21 was observed in those between 5 to 19 years old (29.0/1,000 visits); and in those between 20 to 64 years old (7.9/1,000 visits) in week 22.
              Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

              Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
              Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
              Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

              Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
              In weeks 21 and 22, a total of 14 (9 in week 21 and 5 in week 22) new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. One hospitalization was due to influenza A(H3N2) (in AB) and 13 were due to influenza B (in AB, SK, ON & QC).

              To date this season, 582 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 42.1% (245) were due to influenza A and 57.9% (337) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.3% among infants <6 months of age; 20.6% among children 6-23 months of age; 29.7% were between 2-4 years; 24.9% were between 5-9 years; and 10.5% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 5 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; all associated with influenza B infection.

              Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

              Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

              In weeks 21 and 22, a total of 42 (40 in week 21 and 2 in week 22) new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 40.5% (17) were in those < 20 years of age and 59.5% (25) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 38.1% were due to influenza A and 61.9% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (8), MB (2), ON (27), NL (4) and YT (1). Of the 42 hospitalizations, 2 required admission to ICU and were associated with influenza A (in NL) and influenza B (in AB) infections. In week 21, 3 influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON); all were associated with influenza B infection and were ≥ 65 years of age.

              To date this season, 1,777 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 39.3% (698) were in those < 20 years of age, 60.7% (1,078) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (1) of unknown age. The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.5%). Influenza B (56.6%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A; of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.5%). There have been 74 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 28.4% were in those < 20 years of age and 71.6% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 94 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.1% were of unknown age, 7.4% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.5% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 74.5% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

              Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those ≤ 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

              .../
              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
              -Nelson Mandela

              Comment


              • #37
                Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 23-24

                June 3 to June 16, 2012 (Weeks 23 & 24)

                Posted 2012-06-22For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w24_12/pdf/fw2012-24-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: June 3 to June 16, 2012 (Weeks 23 & 24) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                ?? Help with PDF documents

                Overall Influenza Summary
                • Overall, influenza activity in Canada remains low and continues to decline. Reports of localized influenza activity were still reported in regions in Ontario in weeks 23 and 24.
                • No outbreaks of influenza were reported over the 2-week period.
                • In weeks 23 and 24, a total of 78 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 40% were for influenza A viruses (45.2% - A(H3); 16.1% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 38.7% - unsubtyped) and 60% for influenza B viruses.
                • Twenty influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported over the two-week period (4 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 16 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                • The <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rates in weeks 23 and 24 were above expected levels for this time of year and are most likely due to circulation of other respiratory viruses than influenza.
                <HR>NOTE: Bi-weekly reports will continue until October 12, 2012. However, laboratory detections reported through the <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detection Surveillance System">RVDSS</ABBR> and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

                Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                In week 23, 2 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 18 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, ON, QC, <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity. In week 24, 1 region (within ON) reported localized activity and 14 regions (within BC, AB, ON, QC, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR> & YT) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Note that no data was received from <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR>, NL & <ABBR title="Northwest Territories">NT</ABBR> for week 24. No new outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported in weeks 23 and 24 (Figure 3).
                Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                Canada, Week 24






                Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline and was 3.1% (48/1,571) in week 23 and 2.0% (30/1,526) in week 24 (Figure 4 & Figure5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A and influenza B viruses over the two-week period was 2.0% and 3.0% respectively.
                Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.4% influenza A (41.1% - A(H3); 18.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.0% - unsubtyped) and 53.6% influenza B (Table 1).
                Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 10,213 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.5% were < 5 years; 18.2% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.6% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.4% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (26%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (22%).
                The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections declined compared to the previous week (13.6% in week 24); the percentage positive for rhinoviruses remain the highest compared to the other respiratory viruses. The percentage positive for parainfluenza viruses has been increasing gradually since mid-April and remained at 5.8% since week 22. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low in week 24 : <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-2.9%; adenovirus-2.8%; <ABBR title="human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-1.1%; and coronavirus-1.1% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                (June 3 to June 16, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                (August 28, 2011 to June 16, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                (Un S) Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">644</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">511</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">148</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1338</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1024</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">259</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">299</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">519</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">97</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">75</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">244</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">951</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">257</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">491</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">203</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2757</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1851</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1681</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2248</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">336</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">212</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5618</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2309</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1061</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2248</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6485</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                Table 2 note*</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                (June 3 to June 16, 2012)</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                (Aug. 28, 2011 to June 16, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">992</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">345</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">413</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1101</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">568</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">286</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">196</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1293</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1293</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">473</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">528</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">955</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">899</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">310</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">403</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">698</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1265</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">753</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">442</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1125</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">5038</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">874</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2181</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1983</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">5175</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                by report week, 2011-2012



                Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                Influenza strain characterizations

                Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR>NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 1,399 influenza viruses (251 A/H3N2, 221 A/H1N1 and 927 B). Of the 251 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PEI & NT), 92.0% (231) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.0% (20) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 221 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.7% (216) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.3% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 927 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.2% (447) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 447 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.8% (480) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 399

                Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                Antiviral resistance

                Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,433 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,431 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 778 influenza A viruses (426 H3N2 and 352 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">248</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">246</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">426</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">425 (99.8%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">352</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">352 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">929</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">929</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,433</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">1,431</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">778</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">777(99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                The national ILI consultation rate increased in week 23 to 19.0 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits, (Figure 7) with the highest rates reported in ON and YT. The ILI rate declined in week 24 to 10.0/1,000 visits, with the highest ILI rates reported in MB, NB, YT & ON. In both weeks, the ILI consultation rate was higher than the expected level for this time of year and is most likely due to the higher circulation of other respiratory viruses (i.e. rhinoviruses and parainfluenza viruses) than influenza viruses. The highest consultation rates by age group was observed in those between 5 to 19 years old in week 23 and 24 (41.4/1,000 and 15.4/1,000 visits respectively) and in those between 20 to 64 years old (10.8/1,000 visits) in week 24.
                Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) In weeks 23 and 24, a total of 4 (2 in each week) new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate Antiviral Resistance network.

                Two hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC & ON) and 2 were due to influenza B (in BC & AB). A retrospective paediatric death associated with influenza A infection was reported in week 24 but occurred in week 09; the death was in a child between 6-23 months of age with pre-existing co-morbidities.

                To date this season, 587 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 42.1% (247) were due to influenza A and 57.9% (340) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.5% among infants <6 months of age; 20.4% among children 6-23 months of age; 29.8% were between 2-4 years; 24.9% were between 5-9 years; and 10.4% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 6 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; 83% (5) were associated with influenza B infection.

                Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                In weeks 23 and 24, a total of 24 (24 in week 23 and 0 in week 24) new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 33.3% (8) were in those < 20 years of age and 66.7% (16) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 16.7% were due to influenza A and 83.3% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (6), ON (17), and YT (1). Of the 24 hospitalizations, 3 required admission to ICU and were associated with influenza B (in AB). In week 23, 4 influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON); 3 were associated with influenza B and 1 with influenza A unsubtyped infection and all were ≥ 45 years of age.

                To date this season, 1,804 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 39.2% (708) were in those < 20 years of age, 60.7% (1,095) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (1) of unknown age.

                The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.4%). Influenza B (57.1%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A; of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was available, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.6%). There have been 77 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 28.6% were in those < 20 years of age and 71.4% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 98 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.1% were of unknown age, 7.1% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.8% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 81.1% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.
                Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those ≤ 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.

                The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                .../
                "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                -Nelson Mandela

                Comment


                • #38
                  Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 29-30

                  July 15 to July 28, 2012 (Weeks 29 & 30)

                  Posted 2012-08-03For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                  <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w30_12/pdf/fw2012-30-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: July 15 to July 28, 2012 (Weeks 29 & 30) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                  ?? Help with PDF documents


                  Overall Influenza Summary
                  • Overall, influenza activity in Canada remains low.
                  • Three outbreaks of influenza were reported in long-term care facilitates.
                  • In weeks 29 and 30, a total of 16 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 81.2% were for influenza A viruses (38.5% - A(H3); 7.7%- A(H1) 53.8% - unsubtyped) and 18.8% for influenza B viruses.
                  • Six adult influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported over the two-week period (through aggregate surveillance)
                  • The ILI consultation rate in week 30 was below the expected level for this time of year
                  <HR>NOTE: Bi-weekly reports will continue until October 12, 2012. However, laboratory detections reported through the RVDSS and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

                  Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                  In week 29, 1 region (within ON) reported localized activity and 5 surveillance regions (within QC, ON & AB) reported sporadic activity. In week 30, 1 region (within ON) reported localized influenza activity and 2 regions (within YT & QC) reported sporadic activity (see Figure 1). Note that no data was received from YT, SK & PE, for week 29 and no data was received from SK & PE for week 30. Three outbreaks of influenza were reported in long-term care facilities during weeks 29 (2) & 30 (1) within ON (Figure 3).
                  Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                  Canada, Week 30






                  Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                  Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                  Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                  ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                  Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                  Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                  Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                  Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                  The proportion of positive influenza tests slightly increased compared to previous weeks and was 0.8% in week 27 and decreased in week 30 to 0.7% (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A in week 29 was 0.7% and 0.5% in week 30. The proportion of positive detections for influenza B viruses was 0.2% for week 29 and 0.1% for week 30. In week 30 (Table 2) the largest proportion of influenza A cases were in those ≥ 65 years of age (4 cases) there was also 2 positive influenza B cases, 1 was <5 years old and the other was ≥ 65 years of age.
                  Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.5% influenza A (41.4% - A(H3); 18.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 39.9% - unsubtyped) and 53.5% influenza B (Table 1).
                  Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 10,267 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.5% were < 5 years; 18.2% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.6% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.5% were >= 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportions of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (25.6%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25.3%). The largest proportions of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (25%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (21.7%).
                  The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections was similar to previous weeks (19.6% & 17.1% in weeks 29 & 30 respectively); and remains the highest compared to the other respiratory viruses. The percentage positive for parainfluenza viruses has declined since week 28 and is 4.6% in week 30. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained low in week 30: RSV-1.0%; adenovirus-2.4%; hMPV-0.3%; and coronavirus-0.5% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                  by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                  </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                  (July 15 to July 28, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                  (August 28, 2011 to July 28, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>Influenza
                  B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>Influenza
                  B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers=ac2>A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers=ac2>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers=ac2>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers=ac2>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers=ac2>A
                  ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers=ac10>A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers=ac10>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers=ac10>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers=ac10>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers=ac10>A
                  (Un S) Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers=ac16>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                  Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac11">662</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac13">527</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac14">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac15">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar2 ac16">151</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac11">1349</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac13">1036</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac14">259</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar3 ac16">310</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac11">520</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac14">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac15">151</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar4 ac16">103</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac11">77</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac14">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar5 ac16">244</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac11">964</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac13">263</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac14">492</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac15">209</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar6 ac16">2760</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac11">1854</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac13">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac15">1683</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar7 ac9 ac16">2250</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac11">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac14">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar8 ac9 ac16">336</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac11">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac13">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac15">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar11 ac16">212</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac3">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac7">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac11">5666</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac13">2344</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac14">1062</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac15">2260</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar12 ac16">6510</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                  reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                  Table 2 note*</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                  (July 15 to July 28, 2012)</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                  (Aug. 28, 2011 to July 28, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers=bc2>A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers=bc2>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers=bc2>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers=bc2>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers=bc9>A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers=bc9>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers=bc9>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers=bc9>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers=bc14>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                  These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc10">994</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc11">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc12">346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc13">414</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br2 bc14">1107</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc10">568</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc11">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc12">287</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc13">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br3 bc14">1296</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc10">1300</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc11">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc12">479</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc13">529</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br4 bc14">958</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc10">904</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc11">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc12">315</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc13">403</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br5 bc14">701</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc10">1285</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc12">771</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc13">444</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br6 bc14">1129</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc10">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc12">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br7 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc3">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc10">5073</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc11">874</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc12">2213</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc13">1986</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br8 bc14">5194</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                  Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                  by report week, 2011-2012



                  Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                  Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                  Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                  Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                  Influenza strain characterizations

                  Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 1,430 influenza viruses (253 A/H3N2, 221 A/H1N1 and 956 B). Of the 253 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PEI & NT), 91.7% (232) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.3% (21) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009.Of the 221 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.7% (216) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.3% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 956 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.1% (460) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 460 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.9% (496) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) were antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                  Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 430

                  Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                  Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                  Antiviral resistance

                  Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,468 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,467 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 794 influenza A viruses (438 H3N2 and 356 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)


                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc2">252</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc5">251</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc8">438</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc9">437 (99.8%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc5">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc8">356</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc9">356 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc2">960</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc5">960</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc2">1468</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc5">1467</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc8">794</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc9">793(99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                  Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                  The national ILI consultation rate increased in week 29 to 9.5 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits and was below the expected level for this time of year, with the highest rate reported in YT. The ILI rate slightly increased in week 30 to 9.7 per 1,000 visits, and was below the expected level for this time of year, with the highest rate reported in MB (Figure 7). The highest consultation rate by age group was observed in those <4 years old in week 29 (14.7/1,000) and 30 (21.6/1,000).
                  Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                  Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                  Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                  Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                  Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)
                  The Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network is no longer reporting new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric cases (16 years of age and under) until the start of the next influenza season.

                  The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.4% among infants <6 months of age; 20.5% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.3% were between 2-4 years; 24.2% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 6 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; 83% (5) were associated with influenza B infection.

                  Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                  Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)
                  In weeks 29 and 30, a total of 6 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported 100% were in those ≥20 years of age (6); 50% were due to influenza A and 50% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from ON (6). No new ICU admissions or deaths were reported for weeks 29 and 30.

                  To date this season, 1,858 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 38.9% (722) were in those < 20 years of age, 61.0% (1,134) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (2) of unknown age. The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.5%). Influenza B (57.4%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A; of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was known, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.3%). There have been 81 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 28.6% were in those < 20 years of age and 70.4% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 103 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.0% were of unknown age, 6.8 % were among those < 20 years of age and 92.2% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 74.8 % were in those ≥ 65 years of age.
                  Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                  .../
                  "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                  -Nelson Mandela

                  Comment


                  • #39
                    Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 31-32

                    July 29 to August 11, 2012 (Weeks 31 & 32)

                    Posted 2012-08-17For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                    <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w32_12/pdf/fw2012-32-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: July 29 to August 11, 2012 (Weeks 31 & 32) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                    ?? Help with PDF documents



                    Overall Influenza Summary
                    • Influenza activity in Canada remains low and is at inter-seasonal levels
                    • In weeks 31 and 32, a total of 9 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 77.8% were for influenza A viruses (57.1% - A(H3) and 42.9% - unsubtyped) and 22.2% for influenza B viruses
                    • Only 1 region reported localized activity (ON) and 1 region reported sporadic activity (MB) in week 32. No new outbreaks of influenza/ILI were reported
                    • Nine influenza-associated hospitalizations (5 in those <20 and 4 in those ≥20) were reported over the two-week period (through aggregate surveillance)
                    • The ILI consultation rate in weeks 31 and 32 were within the expected levels for this time of year
                    <HR>NOTE: Bi-weekly reports will continue until October 12, 2012. However, laboratory detections reported through the RVDSS and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

                    Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                    In week 31, 1 region (within ON) reported localized activity and 1 surveillance region (within QC) reported sporadic activity. In week 32, 1 region (within ON) reported localized influenza activity and 1 region (within MB) reported sporadic activity (see Figure 1). Note that no data was received from AB, SK, PEI & NS for week 31 and no data was received from SK & PEI for week 32. No new outbreaks were reported in weeks 31 and 32 (Figure 3).
                    Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                    Canada, Week 32





                    Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                    Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                    Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                    ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                    Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                    Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                    Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                    Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                    The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to decline and was 0.6% in week 31 and 0.3% in week 32 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A in week 31 was 0.5% and 0.1% in week 32. The proportion of positive detections for influenza B viruses was 0.1% in weeks 31 and 32.
                    Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.6% influenza A (41.5% - A(H3); 18.7% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 39.8% - unsubtyped) and 53.4% influenza B (Table 1).
                    Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 10,275 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.5% were < 5 years; 18.1% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.6% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.5% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.3% with age unknown. The largest proportions of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (25.6%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25.4%). The largest proportions of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46.3%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (21.7%).
                    The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections was similar to previous weeks (17.7% & 18.8% in weeks 31 & 32 respectively) and remains the highest compared to the other respiratory viruses. The percentage positive for parainfluenza viruses declined to 3.2% in week 32. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses in week 32 remained low: RSV-0.6%; adenovirus-1.8%; hMPV-0.3%; and coronavirus-0.0% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                    by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012

                    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                    (July 29 to August 11, 2012)

                    </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                    (August 28, 2011 to August 11, 2012)

                    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>Influenza
                    B

                    </TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>Influenza
                    B

                    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers=ac2>A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers=ac2>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers=ac2>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers=ac2>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers=ac2>A
                    ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*

                    </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers=ac10>A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers=ac10>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers=ac10>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers=ac10>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers=ac10>A
                    (Un S) Table 1 note*

                    </TH><TH headers=ac16>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                    Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.

                    </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">671</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">536</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">151</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1349</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1036</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">259</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">310</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">520</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">151</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">103</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">77</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">245</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">968</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">265</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">492</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2760</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>


                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1854</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1683</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2251</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>


                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">336</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>


                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>


                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>


                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">212</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5679</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2355</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1062</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2262</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6512</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                    reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 Table 2 note*

                    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                    (July 29 to August 11, 2012)

                    </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                    (Aug. 28, 2011 to August 11, 2012)

                    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers=bc2>A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers=bc2>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers=bc2>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers=bc2>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers=bc9>A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers=bc9>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers=bc9>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers=bc9>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers=bc14>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                    These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.

                    </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">994</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">414</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1107</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">568</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">287</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1296</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1301</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">480</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">529</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">959</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">905</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">316</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">403</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">701</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1290</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">774</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">446</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1129</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">5080</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">874</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2218</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1988</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">5195</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                    Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                    by report week, 2011-2012


                    Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                    Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                    Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

                    Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                    Influenza strain characterizations

                    Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 1,430 influenza viruses (253 A/H3N2, 221 A/H1N1 and 956 B). Of the 253 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PEI & NT), 91.7% (232) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.3% (21) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009.Of the 221 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.7% (216) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.3% (5) viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 956 influenza B viruses characterized, 48.1% (460) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 460 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 51.9% (496) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) were antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                    Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 430

                    Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                    Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                    Antiviral resistance

                    Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,468 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,467 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 794 influenza A viruses (438 H3N2 and 356 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)


                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc2">252</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc5">251</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc8">438</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc9">437 (99.8%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc5">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc8">356</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc9">356 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc2">960</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc5">960</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc2">1468</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc5">1467</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc8">794</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc9">793(99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                    Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                    The national ILI consultation rate declined in week 31 to 2.6 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits and increased in week 32 to 8.6 per 1,000 visits; both rates were within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates by age group were observed in those ≤65 years of age in week 31 (5.0/1,000) and in children <5 years (20.7/1,000) and between 5-19 years (20.4/1,000) in week 32.
                    Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                    Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                    Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                    Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                    Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)

                    The Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network is no longer reporting new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric cases (16 years of age and under) until the Fall of 2012.

                    Since the start of the 2011-2012 influenza season, a total of 591 cases were reported by IMPACT of which 41.8% (247) were due to influenza A and 58.2% (344) due to influenza B. Subtype information was available for 38.5% (95) of the influenza A cases: 37.9% (36) were due to H1N1 infection and 62.1% (59) were due to H3N2. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.4% among infants <6 months of age; 20.5% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.3% were between 2-4 years; 24.2% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 6 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; 83% (5) were associated with influenza B infection.

                    Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                    Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                    In weeks 31 and 32, a total of 9 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported: 55.6% were in those < 20 years of age (5) and 44.4% (4) were in those ≥20 years of age; 77.8% (7) were due to influenza A and 22.2% (2) were due to influenza B. All of the hospitalizations were reported from ON. No new ICU admissions were reported in weeks 31 and 32; however, 1 influenza A (unsubtyped) associated death was reported (ON) and was in a person between the ages of 20-44 years of age.

                    To date this season, 1,867 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 38.9% (727) were in those < 20 years of age, 61.0% (1,138) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (2) of unknown age. The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.5%). Influenza B (57.1%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A; of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was known, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.3%). There have been 81 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 28.6% were in those < 20 years of age and 70.4% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 104 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.0% were of unknown age, 6.7 % were among those < 20 years of age and 92.3% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 74.0 % were in those ≥ 65 years of age.
                    Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.

                    The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                    .../
                    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                    -Nelson Mandela

                    Comment


                    • #40
                      Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 33-34

                      August 12 to August 25, 2012 (Weeks 33 & 34)

                      Posted 2012-08-31For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                      <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w34_12/pdf/fw2012-34-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: August 12 to August 25, 2012 (Weeks 33 & 34) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                      ?? Help with PDF documents

                      Overall Influenza Summary
                      • Influenza activity in Canada remains low and is at inter-seasonal levels
                      • In weeks 33 and 34, a total of 4 laboratory detections of influenza were reported of which 50% were for influenza A viruses (one A(H3) and one A(H1N1)pdm09) and 50% for influenza B viruses
                      • Only 1 region reported sporadic activity (BC) in week 34. No new outbreaks of influenza/ILI were reported
                      • No influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported over the two-week period
                      • The ILI consultation rate in weeks 33 and 34 were within the expected levels for this time of year
                      <HR>NOTE: This is the final report for the 2011-2012 Influenza Season. The next FluWatch report will be the first for the 2012-2013 Influenza Season. Bi-weekly reports will continue until October 12, 2012. However, laboratory detections reported through the RVDSS and influenza activity level maps will be updated weekly on the FluWatch website.

                      Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                      In week 33, 1 region (within QC) reported sporadic activity. In week 34, 1 region (within BC) reported sporadic activity (see Figure 1). Note that no data was received from AB & SK for week 33 and no data was received from SK, QC & PEI for week 34. No new outbreaks were reported in weeks 33 and 34 (Figure 3).
                      Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                      Canada, Week 34






                      Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                      Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                      Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                      ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                      Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                      Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                      Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

                      Top of Page

                      Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                      The proportion of positive influenza tests declined slightly from previous weeks and was 0.2% in weeks 33 and 34 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza A and influenza B were the same at 0.1% in both weeks 33 and 34.
                      Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 46.6% influenza A (41.5% - A(H3); 18.7% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 39.8% - unsubtyped) and 53.4% influenza B (Table 1).
                      Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 10,279 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.4% were < 5 years; 18.1% were between 5-19 years; 22.0% were between 20-44 years; 15.7% were between 45-64 years of age; 23.5% were >= 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportions of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (25.6%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (25.4%). The largest proportions of influenza B cases were in those under 20 years of age (46.2%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (21.7%).
                      The percentage positive for rhinovirus detections was similar to previous weeks (19.8% & 20.2% in weeks 33 & 34 respectively) and remains the highest compared to the other respiratory viruses. The percentage positive for parainfluenza viruses increased in week 33 to 5.9% but declined in week 34 to 4.2%. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses in week 34 remained low: RSV-1.4%; adenovirus-1.5%; hMPV-0.0%; and coronavirus-0.2% (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                      by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                      (August 12 to August 25, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                      (August 28, 2011 to August 25, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>Influenza
                      B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>Influenza
                      B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers=ac2>A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers=ac2>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers=ac2>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers=ac2>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers=ac2>A
                      ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers=ac10>A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers=ac10>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers=ac10>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers=ac10>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers=ac10>A
                      (Un S) Table 1 note*</TH><TH headers=ac16>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                      Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">670</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">535</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">151</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1351</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">1037</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">260</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">311</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">520</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">319</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">151</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">103</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">77</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">245</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">968</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">265</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">492</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2760</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1854</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1683</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">2252</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">336</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">93</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">51</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">212</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">5680</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">2355</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">1063</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2262</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">6514</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                      reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                      Table 2 note*</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                      (August 12 to August 25, 2012)</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                      (Aug. 28, 2011 to August 25, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers=bc2>A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers=bc2>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers=bc2>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers=bc2>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers=bc9>A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers=bc9>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers=bc9>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers=bc9>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers=bc14>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                      These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">994</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">414</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">1107</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">568</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">287</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">1296</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1301</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">480</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">529</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">959</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">907</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">187</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">317</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">403</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">703</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">1290</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">777</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">443</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1129</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">5082</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">875</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">2222</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1985</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">5197</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                      Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                      by report week, 2011-2012



                      Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                      Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                      Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                      Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                      Influenza strain characterizations

                      Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 1,443 influenza viruses (257 A/H3N2, 221 A/H1N1 and 965 B). Of the 257 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PEI & NT), 91.4% (235) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8.6% (22) showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009.Of the 221 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 97.7% (216) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 2.3% (5) of viruses tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 965 influenza B viruses characterized, 47.7% (460) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 460 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 52.3% (505) of the influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, NT & NU) were antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                      Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 1, 443

                      Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                      Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                      Antiviral resistance

                      Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 1,468 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 1,467 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 794 influenza A viruses (438 H3N2 and 356 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)


                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc5">255</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc8">450</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc9">449 (99.8%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc2">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc5">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc8">356</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc9">356 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc2">967</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc5">967</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc2">1479</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc5">1478</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc8">806</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc9">805 (99.9%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                      Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                      The national ILI consultation rate declined in week 33 to 3.6 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits and increased in week 34 to 7.7 per 1,000 visits; both rates were within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates by age group were observed in those <5 years of age in week 33 (9.7/1,000) and in children <5 years (14.1/1,000) and between 5-19 years (9.8/1,000) in week 34.
                      Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                      Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                      Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                      Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                      Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)
                      The Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network is no longer reporting new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric cases (16 years of age and under) until the Fall of 2012.

                      Since the start of the 2011-2012 influenza season, a total of 591 cases were reported by IMPACT of which 41.8% (247) were due to influenza A and 58.2% (344) due to influenza B. Subtype information was available for 38.5% (95) of the influenza A cases: 37.9% (36) were due to H1N1 infection and 62.1% (59) were due to H3N2. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.4% among infants <6 months of age; 20.5% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.3% were between 2-4 years; 24.2% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years.

                      To date this season, 6 influenza-associated paediatric deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network; 83% (5) were associated with influenza B infection.

                      Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                      Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                      In weeks 33 and 34, no new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations, ICU admissions or deaths were reported.

                      To date this season, 1,866 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT); 38.9% (727) were in those < 20 years of age, 61.0% (1,138) in those ≥ 20 years of age, and 0.1% (2) of unknown age. The largest proportion of cases was observed in those ≥ 65 years of age (33.5%). Influenza B (57.1%) continues to be the predominant influenza type among hospitalized cases compared to influenza A; of the influenza A hospitalizations where subtype was known, influenza A(H3N2) predominated (60.3%). There have been 81 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 28.6% were in those < 20 years of age and 70.4% were in those ≥ 20 years of age. To date this season, 104 influenza-associated deaths have been reported (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 1.0% were of unknown age, 6.7 % were among those < 20 years of age and 92.3% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 74.0 % were in those ≥ 65 years of age.
                      Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.

                      The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                      .../
                      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                      -Nelson Mandela

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