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Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Weeks 33-34

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  • #16
    Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 1

    January 1 to January 7 2012 (Week 01)

    Posted 2012-01-13
    For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
    <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w01_12/pdf/fw2012-01-eng.pdf" jQuery1326506674545="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: January 1 to January 7 2012 (Week 01) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

    >> Help with PDF documents

    Overall Influenza Summary
    • Influenza activity in Canada is similar to previous weeks with only certain regions reporting increased activity (i.e. western provinces, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> and <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>) while activity remains low in the rest (i.e. Atlantic region, MB and the Territories)
    • Three regions (within BC & QC) reported localized influenza activity and 18 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Alberta ">AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, ON & QC) reported sporadic influenza activity
    • Three outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (2 in hospitals and 1 in a <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>)
    • In week 01, 109 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (59 A/H3, 8 A(H1N1)pdm09, 17 A unsubtyped and 25 B)
    • Fourteen influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (6 paediatric and 8 adult)
    • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate increased this week compared to previous weeks but remains within expected levels for this time of year.
    <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

    In week 01, three surveillance regions (within BC & QC) reported localized activity and 18 regions (within BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Three outbreaks of influenza were reported this week, 1 in a long-term care facility (in QC) and 2 in hospitals (in BC) (Figure 3).
    Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
    Canada, Week 1









    Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
    Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
    Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
    localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


    ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
    Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions? reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
    Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


    Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

    Top of Page

    Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

    In week 01, the proportion of positive influenza tests increased slightly to 2.9% (109/3,697) (Figure 4 & 5). Of the provinces reporting positive influenza detections, the proportion of tests positive ranged from a high of 16.5% in QC to a low of 0.7% in <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>.
    The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 82.3% influenza A (74% - A(H3); 7% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 19% - unsubtyped) and 17.7% influenza B (Table 1).
    Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 332 cases this season to date (Table 2). ). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.5% were < 5 years; 11.8% were between 5-19 years; 27.1% were between 20-44 years; 14.8% were between 45-64 years of age; and 26% were ≥ 65 years.
    In week 01, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> decreased slightly (16.6%); but it remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV were reported in <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, QC and ON. The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses remained similar to previous weeks (rhinovirus-6.2%; parainfluenza-3.5%; adenovirus-3.7%; <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-9.0%; coronavirus-4.3%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
    by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH rowSpan=3 scope=col>Reporting provinces</TH><TH colSpan=6 scope=colgroup>Weekly
    (January 1 to January 7 2012 (Week 01))
    </TH><TH colSpan=6 scope=colgroup>Cumulative
    (August 29, 2010 to January 7, 2012)
    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>A(H1)</TH><TH scope=col>A(H3)</TH><TH scope=col>Pand H1N1</TH><TH class=noWrap scope=col>A
    (<ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
    </TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>A(H1)</TH><TH scope=col>A(H3)</TH><TH scope=col>Pand H1N1</TH><TH class=noWrap scope=col>A
    (Un S)*
    </TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.

    </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>33</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>33</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>140</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>140</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>7</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>71</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>67</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>12</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>7</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>6</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>42</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>37</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>17</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>10</TD><TD class=alignRight>52</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>21</TD><TD class=alignRight>23</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>28</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>14</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>11</TD><TD class=alignRight>9</TD><TD class=alignRight>56</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>51</TD><TD class=alignRight>30</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight>84</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>59</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD><TD class=alignRight>17</TD><TD class=alignRight>25</TD><TD class=alignRight>362</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>268</TD><TD class=alignRight>26</TD><TD class=alignRight>68</TD><TD class=alignRight>78</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
    reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012*
    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH rowSpan=3 scope=col>Age groups</TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Weekly
    (January 1 to January 7 2012 (Week 01))
    </TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Cumulative
    (Aug. 29, 2010 to January 7, 2012)
    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH colSpan=4 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH><TH colSpan=4 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH scope=col>A/H3N2</TH><TH scope=col>A unsubtyped</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH scope=col>A/H3N2</TH><TH scope=col>A unsubtyped</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.

    </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH scope=row>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>55</TD><TD class=alignRight>10</TD><TD class=alignRight>43</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>13</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>34</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>31</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>12</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>82</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>75</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>8</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight>5</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>43</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>41</TD><TD class=alignRight>1</TD><TD class=alignRight>6</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>2</TD><TD class=alignRight>81</TD><TD class=alignRight>3</TD><TD class=alignRight>78</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>5</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight>29</TD><TD class=alignRight>4</TD><TD class=alignRight>25</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>7</TD><TD class=alignRight>295</TD><TD class=alignRight>20</TD><TD class=alignRight>268</TD><TD class=alignRight>7</TD><TD class=alignRight>37</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

    Top of Page

    Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
    by report week, 2011-2012


    Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
    Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
    Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

    Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

    Top of Page

    Influenza strain characterizations

    Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 61 influenza viruses (27 A/H3N2, 8 A/H1N1 and 26 B). All 27 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK & ON) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 8 A/H1N1 viruses (from QC & ON) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Fourteen of the influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, ON & QC) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The other 12 influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
    Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 61

    Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.

    Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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    Antiviral resistance

    Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 61 influenza viruses (27 A/H3N2, 9 A/H1N1 and 25 B) for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all 61 viruses were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 42 influenza A viruses (36 H3N2 and 6 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all 42 were found to be resistant. (Table 3)
    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH rowSpan=2 scope=col>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Oseltamivir</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Zanamivir</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 scope=row><SUP>*</SUP> NA ? not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight>27</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>27</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>36</TD><TD class=alignRight>36 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight>9</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>9</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>6</TD><TD class=alignRight>6 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>B</TH><TD class=alignRight>25</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>25</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>NA<SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight>NA<SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight>61</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>61</TD><TD class=alignRight>0</TD><TD class=alignRight>42</TD><TD class=alignRight>42 (100%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

    Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

    The national ILI consultation rate increased from previous weeks to 35.0 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 01 and is within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (120.8/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (50.1/1,000).
    Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

    Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
    Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
    Severe Illness Surveillance

    Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
    In week 01, six new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)network. Two hospitalizations were due to influenza A (in BC & AB) and 4 were due to influenza B (1 in AB, 1 in ON & 2 in QC).
    To date this season, 30 cases have been reported (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC); 20 (66.7%) were due to influenza A and 10 (33.3%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 16.7% among infants <6 months of age; 13.3% among children 6-24 months of age; 46.7% were between 2-4 years; 10% were between 5-9 years; and 13.3% were between 10-16 years.

    Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
    In week 01, 8 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 1 in AB & 7 in ON.
    To date this season, 23 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from two provinces (AB & ON). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 30% were in those 20-44 years of age; 13% were in those 45-64 years of age and 57% were in those ≥ 65 years.
    Note: Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, QC, & NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK.

    .../
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

    Comment


    • #17
      Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 2

      January 8 to January 14 2012 (Week 02)

      Posted 2012-01-20
      For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
      <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w02_12/pdf/fw2012-02-eng.pdf" jQuery1327092285814="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: January 8 to January 14 2012 (Week 02) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

      >> Help with PDF documents

      Overall Influenza Summary
      • Influenza activity is increasing in more regions across the country; however, activity remains low in certain areas (i.e. Atlantic region, the Territories, and northern regions of <ABBR title=Qu?bec>QC</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>)
      • Seven regions reported localized influenza activity and 16 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
      • Eight outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (3 in hospitals and 5 in LTCFs)
      • In week 02, 134 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (73 A/H3, 9 A(H1N1)pdm09, 14 A unsubtyped and 38 B)
      • Eighteen influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (3 paediatric and 15 adult)
      • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate declined this week compared to previous weeks but remains within expected levels for this time of year.

      <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

      In week 02, seven surveillance regions (within BC, AB, SK, MB & ON) reported localized activity and 16 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Qu?bec>QC</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Eight outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 5 in a long-term care facilities (in AB, SK, MB & ON) and 3 in hospitals (in BC) (Figure 3).
      Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
      Canada, Week 2










      Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
      Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
      Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
      localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



      ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
      Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions? reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
      Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


      Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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      Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

      In week 02, the proportion of positive influenza tests increased slightly to 3.4% (134/3,894) (Figure 4 & 5). Although the majority of influenza virus detections since the start of the season were for influenza A viruses, the number of influenza B virus detections have been increasing over recent weeks.
      The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 79.4% influenza A (74% - A(H3); 8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 18% - unsubtyped) and 20.6% influenza B (Table 1).
      Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 525 cases this season to date (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.1% were < 5 years; 10.3% were between 5-19 years; 25.9% were between 20-44 years; 13.0% were between 45-64 years of age; and 29.7% were >= 65 years.
      In week 02, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR> was similar to the previous week (17.6%) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV were reported in QC and ON. The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses remained similar to previous weeks (rhinovirus-5.6%; parainfluenza-3.1%; adenovirus-3.6%; hMPV-6.0%; coronavirus-5.2%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
      by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH rowSpan=3 scope=col>Reporting provinces</TH><TH colSpan=6 scope=colgroup>Weekly
      (January 8 to January 14 2012 (Week 02))</TH><TH colSpan=6 scope=colgroup>Cumulative
      (August 29, 2010 to January 14, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>A(H1)</TH><TH scope=col>A(H3)</TH><TH scope=col>Pand H1N1</TH><TH class=noWrap scope=col>A
      (<ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>A(H1)</TH><TH scope=col>A(H3)</TH><TH scope=col>Pand H1N1</TH><TH class=noWrap scope=col>A
      (Un S)*</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.
      </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>39</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>38</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>179</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>178</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>11</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>20</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>19</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>91</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>86</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>12</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>11</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>10</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>53</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>47</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>6</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>6</TD><TD class=alignCenter>7</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>13</TD><TD class=alignCenter>70</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>27</TD><TD class=alignCenter>31</TD><TD class=alignCenter>12</TD><TD class=alignCenter>44</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>9</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>8</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>65</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>59</TD><TD class=alignCenter>34</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD></TR><TR><TH class=bg-colour-blue scope=row>Canada</TH><TD class=alignCenter>96</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>73</TD><TD class=alignCenter>9</TD><TD class=alignCenter>14</TD><TD class=alignCenter>38</TD><TD class=alignCenter>460</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>341</TD><TD class=alignCenter>36</TD><TD class=alignCenter>83</TD><TD class=alignCenter>119</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
      reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012*
      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH rowSpan=3 scope=col>Age groups</TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Weekly
      (January 8 to January 14 2012 (Week 02))</TH><TH colSpan=5 scope=colgroup>Cumulative
      (Aug. 29, 2010 to January 14, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH colSpan=4 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH><TH colSpan=4 scope=colgroup>Influenza A</TH><TH scope=col>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH scope=col>A/H3N2</TH><TH scope=col>A unsubtyped</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH><TH scope=col>A Total</TH><TH scope=col>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH scope=col>A/H3N2</TH><TH scope=col>A unsubtyped</TH><TH scope=col>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
      </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH scope=row>< 5</TH><TD class=alignCenter>8</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>81</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>49</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>30</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>5-19</TH><TD class=alignCenter>7</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>7</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>45</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>40</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>9</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>20-44</TH><TD class=alignCenter>8</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>6</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>117</TD><TD class=alignCenter>6</TD><TD class=alignCenter>90</TD><TD class=alignCenter>21</TD><TD class=alignCenter>19</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>45-64</TH><TD class=alignCenter>5</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>1</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>59</TD><TD class=alignCenter>2</TD><TD class=alignCenter>50</TD><TD class=alignCenter>7</TD><TD class=alignCenter>9</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>65+</TH><TD class=alignCenter>24</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>21</TD><TD class=alignCenter>3</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>140</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>116</TD><TD class=alignCenter>20</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD></TR><TR><TH scope=row>Total</TH><TD class=alignCenter>52</TD><TD class=alignCenter>4</TD><TD class=alignCenter>40</TD><TD class=alignCenter>8</TD><TD class=alignCenter>8</TD><TD class=alignCenter>442</TD><TD class=alignCenter>30</TD><TD class=alignCenter>345</TD><TD class=alignCenter>67</TD><TD class=alignCenter>83</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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      Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
      by report week, 2011-2012



      Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
      Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
      Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


      Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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      Influenza strain characterizations

      Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 89 influenza viruses (35 A/H3N2, 19 A/H1N1 and 35 B). All 35 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK & ON) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 19 A/H1N1 viruses (from QC & ON) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Fourteen of the influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The other 21 influenza B viruses (from <ABBR title="British Columbia">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Qu?bec>QC</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Newfoundland>NL</ABBR>) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
      Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 89

      Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
      Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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      Antiviral resistance

      Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 79 influenza viruses (34 A/H3N2, 16 A/H1N1 and 29 B) for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all 79 viruses were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 54 influenza A viruses (45 H3N2 and 9 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all 54 were found to be resistant. (Table 3)
      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH rowSpan=2 scope=col>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Oseltamivir</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Zanamivir</TH><TH colSpan=2 scope=colgroup>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH><TH scope=col># tested</TH><TH scope=col># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 scope=row><SUP>*</SUP> NA ? not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignCenter>34</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>34</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>45</TD><TD class=alignCenter>45 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>16</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>9</TD><TD class=alignCenter>9 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>B</TH><TD class=alignCenter>29</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>29</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>NA<SUP>*</SUP></TD><TD class=alignCenter>NA<SUP>*</SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" scope=row>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignCenter>79</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>79</TD><TD class=alignCenter>0</TD><TD class=alignCenter>54</TD><TD class=alignCenter>54 (100%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

      Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

      The national ILI consultation rate declined to 25.4 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 02 and is within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). Compared to week 01, the ILI consultation rates declined across all age groups except for a slight increase in the ILI rate for those > 65 years old. The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (39.9/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (34.9/1,000).
      Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

      Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
      Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
      Severe Illness Surveillance

      Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
      In week 02, three new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Two hospitalizations were due to influenza A (in AB due to H3N2 & in QC due to H1N1) and 1 was due to influenza B (in ON).

      To date this season, 34 cases have been reported (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC); 23 (67.6%) were due to influenza A and 11 (32.4%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 20.6% among infants <6 months of age; 17.6% among children 6-23 months of age; 41.2% were between 2-4 years; 8.8% were between 5-9 years; and 11.8% were between 10-16 years.

      Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
      In week 02, 15 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 5 in AB & 10 in ON. Two of the five cases in AB required ICU admission; both due to H3N2 virus infection.

      To date this season, 38 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from two provinces (AB & ON). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 32% were in those 20-44 years of age; 24% were in those 45-64 years of age and 45% were in those > 65 years.

      Note: Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, QC, & NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

      .../
      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
      -Nelson Mandela

      Comment


      • #18
        Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 3

        January 15 to January 21 2012 (Week 03)

        Posted 2012-01-27
        For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
        <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w03_12/pdf/fw2012-03-eng.pdf" jQuery1327704824521="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: January 15 to January 21, 2012 (Week 03) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

        >> Help with PDF documents

        Overall Influenza Summary
        • Influenza activity remains similar to the previous week; activity remains low in certain areas (i.e. Atlantic region and the Territories)
        • Five regions reported localized influenza activity and 17 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
        • Seven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (4 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 1 in a hospital and 2 other)
        • In week 03, 127 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (68 A/H3, 9 A(H1N1)pdm09, 18 A unsubtyped and 32 B)
        • Eleven influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (1 paediatric and 10 adult)
        • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate declined this week compared to previous weeks but remains within expected levels for this time of year.

        <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

        In week 03, five surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 17 regions (within BC, AB, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, ON & <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Seven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 4 in long-term care facilities (1 in BC & 3 in ON), 1 in a hospital (AB) and 2 others (AB) (Figure 3).
        Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
        Canada, Week 3










        Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
        Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
        Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
        localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



        ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
        Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions? reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
        Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


        Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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        Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

        In week 03, the proportion of positive influenza tests remained similar to the previous week (3.3% or 127/3,854) (Figure 4 & 5). Although the majority of influenza virus detections since the start of the season were for influenza A viruses, the number of influenza B virus detections have been increasing over recent weeks.
        The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 78.6% influenza A (74% - A(H3); 8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 18% - unsubtyped) and 21.4% influenza B (Table 1).
        Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 642 cases this season to date (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.9% were < 5 years; 10.1% were between 5-19 years; 24.9% were between 20-44 years; 14.3% were between 45-64 years of age; and 29.8% were ≥ 65 years.
        In week 03, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> increased slightly from the previous week (18.3%) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV were reported in <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, ON & QC (range 21%-26%). The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses declined from the previous week (rhinovirus-5.7%; parainfluenza-2.8%; adenovirus-3.3%; <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-5.4%; coronavirus-5.1%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
        by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
        </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces </TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
        (January 15 to January 21, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
        (August 29, 2010 to January 21, 2012) </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A </TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B </TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A </TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total </TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1) </TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3) </TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1 </TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
        ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)* </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total </TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total </TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1) </TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3) </TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1 </TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
        (Un S) * </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total </TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals. </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">200 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">199 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">11 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">31 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">27 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">123 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">114 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">13 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">64 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">58 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">15 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">8 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">14 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">85 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">34 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">39 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">58 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">9 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">78 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">71 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">43 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">23 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">95 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">68 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">9 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">32 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">556 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">411 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">46 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">99 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">151 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
        reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
        * </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
        (January 15 to January 21, 2012 (Week 03))</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
        (Aug. 29, 2010 to January 21, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total </TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">100 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">57 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">20 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">34 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">55 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">50 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">10 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">14 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">136 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">8 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">106 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">24 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">78 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">62 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">14 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">24 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">168 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">138 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">26 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">23 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">67 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">48 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">537 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">40 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">413 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">84 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">105 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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        Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
        by report week, 2011-2012



        Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
        Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
        Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


        Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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        Influenza strain characterizations

        Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 107 influenza viruses (40 A/H3N2, 24 A/H1N1 and 43 B). All 40 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK & ON) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 24 A/H1N1 viruses (from QC & ON) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Twenty-five of the 43 influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 18 influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
        Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 107

        Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.

        Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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        Antiviral resistance

        Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 101 influenza viruses (37 A/H3N2, 22 A/H1N1 and 42 B) for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all 101 viruses were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 71 influenza A viruses (51 H3N2 and 20 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all 71 were found to be resistant. (Table 3)
        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype </TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir </TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir </TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested </TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%) </TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested </TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%) </TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested </TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%) </TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA ? not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2) </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">37 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">37 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">51 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">51 (100%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1) </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">20 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">20 (100%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">42 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">42 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">101</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">101</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">71 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">71 (100%) </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

        Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

        The national ILI consultation rate declined slightly to 23.9 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 03 and is within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (61.2/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (37.7/1,000).
        Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

        Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
        Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
        Severe Illness Surveillance

        Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
        In week 03, one new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalization was reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network from AB due to influenza A infection.

        To date this season, 35 cases have been reported (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC); 24 (68.6%) were due to influenza A and 11 (31.4%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 20.0% among infants <6 months of age; 20.0% among children 6-23 months of age; 40.0% were between 2-4 years; 8.6% were between 5-9 years; and 11.4% were between 10-16 years.

        Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
        In week 03, 10 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 7 in ON, 2 in AB and 1 in MB.
        To date this season, 51 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from three provinces (AB, MB & ON). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 27.5% were in those 20-44 years of age; 25.5% were in those 45-64 years of age and 47.0% were in those ≥ 65 years.

        Note: Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, QC, & NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

        .../
        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
        -Nelson Mandela

        Comment


        • #19
          Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 4

          January 22 to January 28, 2012 (Week 04)

          Posted 2012-02-03 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
          <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w04_12/pdf/fw2012-04-eng.pdf" jQuery1328307759299="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: January 22 to January 28, 2012 (Week 04) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

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          Overall Influenza Summary
          • Influenza activity has increased in more regions compared to previous weeks
          • Seven regions reported localized influenza activity and 17 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
          • Eleven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (7 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 2 in schools and 2 others)
          • In week 04, 178 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (65 A/H3, 27 A(H1N1)pdm09, 43 A unsubtyped and 43 B)
          • Twenty-two influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (3 paediatric and 19 adult)
          • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate increased this week compared to the previous two weeks but remains within expected levels for this time of year.

          <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

          In week 04, seven surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 17 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia">BC</ABBR>, AB, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Eleven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 7 in long-term care facilities (6 in ON & 1 in MB), 2 in schools (in SK & <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR>) and 2 others (in AB & ON) (Figure 3).
          Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
          Canada, Week 4










          Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
          Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
          Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
          localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



          ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
          Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
          Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


          Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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          Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

          In week 04, the proportion of positive influenza tests increased slightly this week compared to the previous week (4.7% or 178/3,768) (Figure 4 & 5). Although the majority of influenza virus detections since the start of the season were for influenza A viruses, the number of influenza B virus detections have been increasing over recent weeks. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: NL, ON & QC.
          The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 78.8% influenza A (69.3% - A(H3); 10.5% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 20.2% - unsubtyped) and 21.2% influenza B (Table 1).
          Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 642 cases between August 28, 2011 to January 21, 2012 (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 20.9% were < 5 years; 10.1% were between 5-19 years; 24.9% were between 20-44 years; 14.3% were between 45-64 years of age; and 29.8% were ≥ 65 years.
          In week 03, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> declined slightly from the previous week (17.0%) but remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV were reported in NB, QC, NS & AB. The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses either remained similar to, or declined slightly from, the previous week (rhinovirus-5.7%; parainfluenza-2.1%; adenovirus-3.7%; <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-5.5%; coronavirus-6.4%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
          by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
          </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces </TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
          (January 22 to January 28, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
          (August 29, 2010 to January 28, 2012) </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A </TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B </TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A </TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total </TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1) </TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3) </TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1 </TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
          ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)* </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total </TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total </TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1) </TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3) </TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1 </TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
          (Un S) * </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total </TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">221 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">220 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">17 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">42 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">26 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">169 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">148 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">15 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">15 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">17 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">81 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">71 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">9 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR> </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">31 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">19 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">116 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">38 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">61 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">17 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">77 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">10 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">104 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">96 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">53 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">22 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">135 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">65 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">27 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">43 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">43 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">697 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">483 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">73 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">141 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">187 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
          reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
          * </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
          (January 22 to January 28, 2012 (Week 04))</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
          (Aug. 29, 2010 to January 28, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total </TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
          NOTE: this table has not been updated to reflect data received for week 04.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5 </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">100 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">57 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">20 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">34 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19 </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">55 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">50 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">10 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44 </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">14 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">136 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">8 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">106 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">22 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">24 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64 </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">78 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">62 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">14 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+ </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">24 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">168 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">138 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">26 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">23 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">67 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">48 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">537 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">40 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">413 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">84</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">105 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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          Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
          by report week, 2011-2012



          Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
          Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
          Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


          Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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          Influenza strain characterizations

          Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 150 influenza viruses (47 A/H3N2, 37 A/H1N1 and 66 B). All 47 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 37 A/H1N1 viruses (from QC & ON) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Forty of the 66 influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 26 influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
          Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 150

          Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.

          Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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          Antiviral resistance

          Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 143 influenza viruses (47 A/H3N2, 35 A/H1N1 and 61 B) for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all 143 viruses were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 80 influenza A viruses (56 H3N2 and 24 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance and all 80 were found to be resistant. (Table 3)
          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype </TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir </TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir </TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested </TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%) </TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested </TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%) </TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested </TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%) </TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2) </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">47 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">47 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">56 (100%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1) </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">24 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">24 (100%) </TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">143</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">143</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">80</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">80 (100%) </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

          Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

          Although the national ILI consultation rate increased to 32.3 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 04, it is still within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (68.4/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (50.5/1,000).
          Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

          Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
          Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
          Severe Illness Surveillance

          Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
          In week 04, three new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Two of the hospitalizations were due to influenza A(H3N2) (from AB) and one was due to influenza B (from BC).
          To date this season, 39 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC); 27 (69.2%) were due to influenza A and 12 (30.8%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 22.5% among infants <6 months of age; 17.9% among children 6-23 months of age; 40.1% were between 2-4 years; 7.7% were between 5-9 years; and 12.8% were between 10-16 years.

          Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
          In week 04, 19 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 5 in ON, 12 in AB, 1 in NL and 1 hospitalization requiring ICU admission in SK. In addition, two influenza-associated (influenza B) laboratory confirmed deaths were reported (in ON & MB) in week 04 in adults ≥ 65 years old.

          To date this season, 70 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from four provinces (AB, SK, MB & ON). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 24.6% were in those 20-44 years of age; 27.5% were in those 45-64 years of age and 47.8% were in those ≥ 65 years.

          Note: The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, QC, & NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. <ABBR title="Intensive-Care Unit">ICU</ABBR> admissions are not reported in ON.

          .../
          "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
          -Nelson Mandela

          Comment


          • #20
            Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 5

            January 29 to February 4, 2012 (Week 05)

            Posted 2012-02-10 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
            <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w05_12/pdf/fw2012-05-eng.pdf" jQuery1328910326104="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: January 29 to February 4, 2012 (Week 05) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

            ?? Help with PDF documents


            Overall Influenza Summary
            • Influenza activity in Canada continues to increase gradually; activity remains low in the Territories and in a few other regions across the country
            • Six regions reported localized influenza activity and 23 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
            • Nine outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (7 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s and 2 others)
            • In week 05, 230 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (83 A/H3, 24 A(H1N1)pdm09, 43 A unsubtyped and 80 B)
            • The percent positive for influenza B detections has been increasing over the past several weeks; to date, 76% of all influenza detections were for influenza A viruses and 24% for influenza B
            • Twenty-four influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (4 paediatric and 20 adult)
            • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate increased this week compared to the previous three weeks but remains within expected levels for this time of year.
            <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

            In week 05, six surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, & <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 23 regions (within BC, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, SK, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, ON, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, & NL) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Nine outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 7 in long-term care facilities (5 in ON, 1 in BC & 1 in SK) and 2 others (in ON & NL)(Figure 3).
            Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
            Canada, Week 5









            Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
            Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
            Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
            localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


            ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
            Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
            Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


            Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

            Top of Page

            Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

            In week 05, the proportion of positive influenza tests increased this week compared to the previous week (6.4% or 230/3,595) (Figure 4 & 5). Of the 230 positive influenza detections this week, 150 (65%) were positive for influenza A and 80 (35%) were positive for influenza B. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: NL, NB, ON & QC.
            The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 75.8% influenza A (67.4% - A(H3); 12.2% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 20.4% - unsubtyped) and 24.2% influenza B (Table 1).
            Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 1,004 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.9% were < 5 years; 11.6% were between 5-19 years; 24.8% were between 20-44 years; 14.8% were between 45-64 years of age; 26.7% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown.
            In week 05, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> was 18.2% (and has fluctuated between 17-19% since week 01) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV this week were reported in ON, QC and the Atlantic Region. The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses all declined slightly from the previous week (rhinovirus-5.4%; parainfluenza-2.0%; adenovirus-2.7%; <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>-5.2%; coronavirus-5.9%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
            by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
            </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
            (January 29 to February 4, 2012)
            </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
            (August 29, 2010 to February 4, 2012)
            </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
            ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
            </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
            (Un S) *
            </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">252</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">242</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">22</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">177</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">19</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">114</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">146</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">75</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">120</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>

            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">135</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">123</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">73</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>

            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>

            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>

            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>

            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">33</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">83</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">80</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">854</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">576</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">174</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">273</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
            reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 *
            </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
            (January 29 to February 4, 2012 (Week 05))
            </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
            (Aug. 29, 2010 to February 4, 2012)
            </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Five provinces have reported detailed case-by-case data since the beginning of the season (BC, AB, SK,MB and ON).
            Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
            </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">156</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">87</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">64</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">28</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">208</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">145</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">41</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">130</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">19</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">220</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">182</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">48</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">87</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">804</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">574</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">157</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">200</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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            Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
            by report week, 2011-2012


            Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
            Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
            Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

            Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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            Influenza strain characterizations

            Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 179 influenza viruses (50 A/H3N2, 43 A/H1N1 and 86 B). All 50 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 43 A/H1N1 viruses (from QC & ON) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Fifty of the 86 influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 36 influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
            Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 179

            Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
            Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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            Antiviral resistance

            Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 174 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 171 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 116 influenza A viruses (71 H3N2 and 45 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">70 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">45 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">85</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">82</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">143</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">171</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">116</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">115 (99.1%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

            Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

            The national ILI consultation rate increased to 35.8 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 05 but still remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those 5 to 19 years old (64.7/1,000) and in children under 5 (64.5/1,000 visits).
            Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

            Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
            Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
            Severe Illness Surveillance

            Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

            In week 05, four new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. One hospitalization was due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in SK) and three were due to influenza B (in AB, ON & QC).

            To date this season, 44 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC); 29 (65.9%) were due to influenza A and 15 (34.1%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 20.5% among infants <6 months of age; 18.2% among children 6-23 months of age; 38.6% were between 2-4 years; 11.4% were between 5-9 years; and 11.4% were between 10-16 years.

            Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

            Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

            In week 05, 20 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 12 in ON, 7 in AB and 1 in NL. In addition, two influenza-associated deaths were reported in ON in week 05; both adults were ≥ 65 years old and had influenza B infection.
            To date this season, 90 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from five provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON & NL). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 27.0% were in those 20-44 years of age; 28.1% were in those 45-64 years of age and 44.9% were in those ≥ 65 years. In addition, 4 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from ON & MB); all had influenza B infection and all were > 65 years old.

            .../
            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
            -Nelson Mandela

            Comment


            • #21
              Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 6

              February 5 to February 11, 2012 (Week 06)

              Posted 2012-02-17 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
              <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w06_12/pdf/fw2012-06-eng.pdf" jQuery1329518172025="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: February 5 to February 11, 2012 (Week 06) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

              ?? Help with PDF documents

              Overall Influenza Summary
              • Influenza activity in Canada continues to increase gradually; activity remains low in the Territories and in a few other regions across the country
              • Seven regions reported localized influenza activity and 20 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
              • Eleven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (9 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 1 in a school and 1 other)
              • In week 06, 263 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (31% A/H3, 12% A(H1N1)pdm09, 16% A unsubtyped and 41% B)
              • The percent positive for influenza B detections has been increasing over the past several weeks with some provinces having detected more influenza B viruses than influenza A viruses in week 06 (i.e. Ontario and some Atlantic provinces)
              • Twenty-six influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (12 paediatric and 14 adult)
              • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate declined this week compared to the previous week and remains within expected levels for this time of year.

              <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

              In week 06, seven surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, & <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 20 regions (within BC, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, SK, ON, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR>, & NL) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Eleven outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 9 in long-term care facilities (7 in ON, 1 in BC & 1 in SK), 1 in a school (in ON) and 1 other (in NL)(Figure 3).
              Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
              Canada, Week 6










              Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
              Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
              Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
              localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



              ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
              Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
              Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


              Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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              Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

              The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 7.6% (263/3,470) for week 06 (Figure 4 & 5). Of the 263 positive influenza detections this week, 154 (59%) were positive for influenza A and 109 (41%) were positive for influenza B. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: ON, QC & the Atlantic provinces.
              The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 72.6% influenza A (65.3% - A(H3); 13.6% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 21.0% - unsubtyped) and 27.4% influenza B (Table 1).
              Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 1,238 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 22.2% were < 5 years; 12.1% were between 5-19 years; 24.2% were between 20-44 years; 15.0% were between 45-64 years of age; 26.3% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown.
              In week 06, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR>increased slightly to 19.5% (and has fluctuated between 17-19% since week 01) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV this week were reported in ON, QC and the Atlantic Region. The proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses remained similar to the previous week (rhinovirus-5.3%; parainfluenza-2.3%; adenovirus-2.3%; <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>4.7%; coronavirus-6.3%). (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
              by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
              </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
              (February 5 to February 11, 2012)</TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
              (August 29, 2010 to February 11, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
              ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
              (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">270</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">257</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">23</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">239</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">219</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">21</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">146</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">119</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">171</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">94</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">181</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">173</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">154</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">108</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">4</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">40</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">154</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">81</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">109</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">1012</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">661</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">138</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">213</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">382</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
              reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
              * </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
              (February 5 to February 11, 2012 (Week 06))</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
              (Aug. 29, 2010 to February 11, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Five provinces have reported detailed case-by-case data since the beginning of the season (BC, AB, SK,MB and ON).
              Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">181</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">102</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">94</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">85</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">46</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">242</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">157</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">64</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">57</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">158</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">95</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">28</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">266</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">216</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">60</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">94</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">953</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">105</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">656</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">192</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">285</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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              Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
              by report week, 2011-2012



              Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
              Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
              Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


              Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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              Influenza strain characterizations

              Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 242 influenza viruses (73 A/H3N2, 48 A/H1N1 and 121 B). All 73 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 48 A/H1N1 viruses (from BC, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Seventy of the 121 influenza B viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 51 influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
              Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 242

              Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
              Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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              Antiviral resistance

              Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 204 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 200 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 165 influenza A viruses (110 H3N2 and 55 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">110</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">109 (99.1%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">55 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">93</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">204</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">200</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">165</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">164 (99.4%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

              Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

              The national ILI consultation rate declined to 31.0 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 06 but still remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (63.0/1,000 visits) and in those 5 to 19 years old (48.9/1,000).
              Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

              Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
              Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
              Severe Illness Surveillance

              Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

              In week 06, 12 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Two hospitalizations were due to influenza A(H3N2) (in AB), 4 due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in SK & ON) and six were due to influenza B (in BC, AB, ON, QC, & NL).

              To date this season, 64 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, & NL); 41 (64.1%) were due to influenza A and 23 (35.9%) were due to influenza B.
              The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 20.3% among infants <6 months of age; 18.7% among children 6-23 months of age; 39.1% were between 2-4 years; 14.1% were between 5-9 years; and 7.8% were between 10-16 years.

              Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

              Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

              In week 06, 14 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 9 in ON and 5 in AB. In addition, one influenza-associated death was reported in ON in week 06; the death was in an adult > 65 years old and had influenza B infection.

              To date this season, 106 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from five provinces (AB, SK, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, ON & NL). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 23.6% were in those 20-44 years of age; 27.4% were in those 45-64 years of age and 49.1% were in those ≥ 65 years. In addition, 5 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (4 in ON & 1 in MB); all had influenza B infection and all were > 65 years old.

              Note: The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, QC, & NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

              .../
              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
              -Nelson Mandela

              Comment


              • #22
                Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 7

                February 12 to February 18, 2012 (Week 07)

                Posted 2012-02-24 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w07_12/pdf/fw2012-07-eng.pdf" jQuery1330118824009="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: February 12 to February 18, 2012 (Week 07) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

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                Overall Influenza Summary
                • Influenza activity in Canada in week 07 is similar to the previous week; activity remains low in the Territories and in a few other regions across the country
                • Six regions reported localized influenza activity and 22 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
                • Nine outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (4 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 3 in schools and 2 others)
                • In week 07, 378 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (21% A/H3, 10% A(H1N1)pdm09, 28% A unsubtyped and 42% B)
                • The percent positive for influenza B detections continues to increase over the past several weeks with some provinces having detected more influenza B viruses than influenza A viruses in week 07 (i.e. Ontario and some Atlantic provinces)
                • Thirty-three influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (11 paediatric and 22 adult)
                • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate increased this week compared to the previous week and remains within expected levels for this time of year.

                <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                In week 07, six surveillance regions (within<ABBREV> </ABBREV><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, & <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 22 regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, ON, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR>, & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Nine outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 4 in long-term care facilities (3 in ON & 1 in SK), 3 in schools (in SK) and 2 others (in ON) (Figure 3).
                Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                Canada, Week 7










                Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



                ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 10.5% (378/3,470) for week 07 (Figure 4 & 5). Of the 378 positive influenza detections this week, 220 (58%) were positive for influenza A and 158 (42%) were positive for influenza B. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: ON, QC & the Atlantic provinces.
                The proportion of influenza virus detections by type/subtype this season to date is as follows: 69.6% influenza A (60.2% - A(H3); 14.2% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 25.6% - unsubtyped) and 30.4% influenza B (Table 1).
                Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 1,556 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.6% were < 5 years; 14.5% were between 5-19 years; 24.7% were between 20-44 years; 15.0% were between 45-64 years of age; 24.2% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.1% with age unknown.
                In week 07, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> declined to 16.6% (and has fluctuated between 17-19% since week 01) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV this week were reported in ON, QC and the Atlantic Region. Except for the percent positive for <ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR> (6.2%) and rhinovirus (6.3%) which increased compared to the previous week, the proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses declined slightly from the previous week (parainfluenza-1.6%; adenovirus-2.0%; coronavirus-6.0%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                (February 12 to February 18, 2012)</TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                (August 29, 2010 to February 18, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">19 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">296 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">276 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">16 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">27 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">39 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">25 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">281 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">249 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">14 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">18 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">24 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">38 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">28 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">8 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">184 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">147 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">10 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">27 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">NA </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">9 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">2 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">33 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">88 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">204 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">60 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">115 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">29 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">269 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">86 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">8 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">77 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">55 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">259 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">231 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">163 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">4 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">3 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">3 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">46 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">220</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">79</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">158</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">1238</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">745</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">176</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">317</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">540</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                * </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                (February 12 to February 18, 2012 (Week 07))</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                (Aug. 29, 2010 to February 18, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively. </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">21 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">13 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">212 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">42 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">115 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">55 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">124 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">19 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">10 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">9 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">31 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">132 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">10 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">102 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">20 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">93 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">53 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">7 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">15 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">31 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">307 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">30 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">178 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">99 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">77 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">6 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">12 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">5 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">195 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">30 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">105 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">60 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">38 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">23 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">17 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">4 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">11 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">301 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">17 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">239 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">45 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">75 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">2 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">1 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">139 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">16 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">54 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">69 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">72 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">1149 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">130 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">740 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">279 </TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">407 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                by report week, 2011-2012



                Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                Influenza strain characterizations

                Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 354 influenza viruses (99 A/H3N2, 66 A/H1N1 and 189 B). All 99 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 66 A/H1N1 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Of the 189 influenza B viruses characterized, 103 (54%) (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 86 (46%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 354

                Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                Antiviral resistance

                Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 279 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 238 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 188 influenza A viruses (121 H3N2 and 67 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">94</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">79</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">121</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">120 (99.2%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">67</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">67 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">127</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">109</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">279</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">238</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">188</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">187 (99.5%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                The national ILI consultation rate increased to 33.5 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 07 but still remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (64.2/1,000 visits) and in those 5 to 19 years old (47.8/1,000).
                Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                Severe Illness Surveillance

                Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths
                In week 07, 11 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) Four hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, AB, ON & QC) and seven were due to influenza B (in BC, AB, ON & QC).

                To date this season, 83 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, & NL); 47 (56.6%) were due to influenza A and 36 (43.4%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 16.9% among infants <6 months of age; 18.1% among children 6-23 months of age; 36.1% were between 2-4 years; 16.9% were between 5-9 years; and 12.0% were between 10-16 years.

                Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                In week 07, 22 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 15 in ON, 6 in AB and 1 in NL. In addition, of the 6 hospitalizations reported in AB, 3 required admission to ICU; 2 with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection and 1 with influenza A(H3N2) infection.

                To date this season, 131 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from five provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON & NL). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 24.4% were in those 17-44 years of age; 26.7% were in those 45-64 years of age and 48.9% were in those ≥ 65 years. In addition, 5 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (4 in ON & 1 in MB); all had influenza B infection and all were > 65 years old.

                .../
                "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                -Nelson Mandela

                Comment


                • #23
                  Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 8

                  February 19 to February 25, 2012 (Week 08)

                  Posted 2012-03-02 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                  <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w08_12/pdf/fw2012-08-eng.pdf" jQuery1330724045525="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: February 19 to February 25, 2012 (Week 08) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                  ?? Help with PDF documents


                  Overall Influenza Summary
                  • Influenza activity in Canada in week 08 has slightly increased compare to the previous week; activity remains low in the Territories and in a few other regions across the country
                  • One region reported widespread influenza activity, 10 regions reported localized influenza activity and 22 regions reported sporadic influenza activity
                  • Twenty outbreaks of influenza were reported this week (8 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 5 in schools 4 in community and 3 others).
                  • In week 08, 537 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (22.0% - A(H3); 9.1% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 28.5% - unsubtyped and 40.4% influenza B)
                  • The percent positive for influenza B detections decreased slightly compared to the previous week, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to A include: ON and the Atlantic Provinces
                  • Fifty-two influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week, with an increase in the number of paediatric cases reported and a decrease in the number of adult cases reported (33 paediatric and 19 adult)
                  • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate slightly decreased this week compared to the previous week and remains within expected levels for this time of year
                  <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                  In week 08, 1 region reported widespread influenza activity (<ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>), 10 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR> & NL) reported localized activity and 22 regions (within BC, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, SK, ON, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PEI</ABBR> & NL) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Twenty outbreaks of influenza were reported this week: 8 in long-term care facilities ( 1 in BC, 6 in ON, &1 in NL), 5 in schools (3 in ON, 1 in NB, & 1 in NS) 4 in the community (NL) and 3 others (1 in SK & 2 in ON) (Figure 3).
                  Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                  Canada, Week 8









                  Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                  Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                  Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                  localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                  ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                  Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                  Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                  Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                  Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                  The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 13.8% (537/3,886) for week 08 (Figure 4 & 5). Of the 537 positive influenza detections this week, 59.6% (320/537) were positive for influenza A and 40.4% (217/537) were positive for influenza B. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: ON & the Atlantic provinces.
                  Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 67.7% influenza A (55.7% - A(H3); 14.4% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 29.9% - unsubtyped) and 32.6% influenza B (Table 1).
                  Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 2,023 cases to date this season (Table 2).The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.7% were < 5 years; 15.9% were between 5-19 years; 24.9% were between 20-44 years; 14.7% were between 45-64 years of age; 22.8% were ≥ 65 years ; and 0.1% with age unknown.
                  In week 08, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory syncytial virus">RSV</ABBR> slightly increased to 17.8% (and has fluctuated between 17-19% since week 01) and remains the most prevalent among the other respiratory viruses being detected. The highest percent positives for RSV this week were reported in ON, the Prairie Provinces and the Atlantic Region. The percentage positive for parainfluenza (1.5%), human metapneumovirus (<ABBR title="Human metapneumovirus">hMPV</ABBR>) (5.6%) and rhinovirus (5.7%) decreased compared to the previous week, while the proportion of positive tests for the other respiratory viruses increased slightly from the previous week (adenovirus-2.1%; coronavirus-6.3%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada report.
                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                  by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                  </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                  (February 19 to February 25, 2012)
                  </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                  (August 29, 2010 to February 25, 2012)
                  </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                  ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
                  </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                  (Un S) *
                  </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                  Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.
                  </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">336</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">304</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">31</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">60</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">297</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">30</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">212</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">169</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">99</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">265</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">81</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">144</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">366</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>

                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">127</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">115</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">386</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">261</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>

                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">4</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>

                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>

                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>

                  </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">57</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">320</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">153</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">217</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">1566</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">873</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">226</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">467</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">756</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                  reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 *
                  </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                  (February 19 to February 25, 2012)
                  </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                  (Aug. 29, 2010 to February 25, 2012)
                  </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">284</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">141</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">154</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">44</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">167</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">119</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">154</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">393</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">142</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">110</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">240</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">58</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">358</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">267</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">103</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">212</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">134</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">122</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">1444</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">166</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">857</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">421</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">579</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                  Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                  by report week, 2011-2012


                  Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                  Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                  Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

                  Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                  Influenza strain characterizations

                  Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 443 influenza viruses (107 A/H3N2, 84 A/H1N1 and 252 B). All 107 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC) are antigenically related to A/Perth/16/2009. All 84 A/H1N1 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC &NB) are antigenically related to A/California/07/2009. Of the 252 influenza B viruses characterized, 136 (54%) (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB & NL) are antigenically related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage). The remaining 116 (46%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC & NB) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                  Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 443

                  Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                  Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                  Antiviral resistance

                  Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 381 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 309 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 236 influenza A viruses (144 H3N2 and 92 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                  <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">144</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">143 (99.2%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">79</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">67</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">92 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">199</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">381</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">309</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">188</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">235 (99.6%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                  Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                  The national ILI consultation rate slightly decreased to 31.3 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 08 but still remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (108.3/1,000 visits) which increased compared to the previous week and in those 5 to 19 years old (49.6/1,000 visits).
                  Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                  Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                  Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                  Severe Illness Surveillance

                  Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                  In week 08, 33 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Ten hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, AB, ON & QC); two were due to A(H1N1) (in QC); three were due to A(H3N2) and 18 were due to influenza B (in AB, ON & QC).

                  To date this season, 120 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, & NL); 67 (55.8%) were due to influenza A and 53 (44.2%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.8% among infants <6 months of age; 19.1% among children 6-23 months of age; 32.5% were between 2-4 years; 18.3% were between 5-9 years; and 14.2% were between 10-16 years.

                  Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                  Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                  In week 08, 19 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 17 in ON, 1 in AB and 1 in NL. In addition, two influenza-associated deaths were reported in ON; both were ≥65 years old one had A(H1N1) and the other had an influenza B infection.

                  To date this season, 158 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from five provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON & NL). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 23.4% were in those 17-44 years of age; 26.9% were in those 45-64 years of age and 50.0% were in those ≥ 65 years. In addition, 7 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (6 in ON & 1 in MB); all were ≥ 65 years old.

                  Note: The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC,& QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                  .../
                  "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                  -Nelson Mandela

                  Comment


                  • #24
                    Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 9

                    February 26 to March 3, 2012 (Week 09)

                    Posted 2012-03-09 For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                    <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w09_12/pdf/fw2012-09-eng.pdf" jQuery1331332516987="2">2011-2012 FluWatch: February 26 to March 3, 2012 (Week 09) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                    ?? Help with PDF documents


                    Overall Influenza Summary
                    • Influenza activity in Canada continued to increase in week 09 compared to previous weeks; all provinces and most territories (except Nunavut) reported either sporadic or localized influenza activity in at least one region this week
                    • Twenty-nine outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (13 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>, 1 in a hospital, 9 in schools and 6 others).
                    • In week 09, 871 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (15.6% - A(H3); 12.6% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 25.1% - unsubtyped and 46.6% influenza B)
                    • The percent positive for influenza B detections increased compared to the previous week; the majority of influenza B detections (87%) this week were from Ontario and Quebec
                    • 100 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (39 paediatric and 61 adult)
                    • The national <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> consultation rate slightly increased this week compared to the previous week and remains within expected levels for this time of year
                    <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                    In week 09, 1 region reported widespread influenza activity (<ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>), 13 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 26 regions (within most provinces and territories except in NS & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Twenty-nine outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 13 in long-term care facilities (4 in AB, 1 in SK, 4 in ON, 2 in QC & 2 in NS), 1 in a hospital (in ON), 9 in schools (2 in AB, 5 in NS, & 2 in NL) and 6 others (1 in AB, 5 in NS & 2 in NL) (Figure 3).
                    Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                    Canada, Week 9









                    Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                    Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                    Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                    localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                    ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                    Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                    Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                    Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                    Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                    The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 17.9% (871/4,886) for week 09 (Figure 4 & 5). Of the 871 positive influenza detections this week, 53.4% (465/871) were positive for influenza A and 46.6% (406/871) were positive for influenza B. To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: ON, QC & the Atlantic provinces.
                    Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 63.5% influenza A (50.5% - A(H3); 16.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 32.8% - unsubtyped) and 36.5% influenza B (Table 1).
                    Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 2,652 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.4% were < 5 years; 17.1% were between 5-19 years; 25.4% were between 20-44 years; 14.9% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.1% were >= 65 years; and 0.1% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (28%) or >=65 years of age (24%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (55%).
                    In week 09, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR> slightly decreased to 17.8% which is similar to the proportion of tests positive for influenza. The highest percent positives for RSV this week were reported in ON, the Prairie Provinces and the Atlantic Region. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses declined compared to the previous week (parainfluenza-1.3%; adenovirus-2.1%; human metapneumovirus-4.6%; rhinovirus-5.7%; and coronavirus-4.7%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                    by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                    (February 26 to March 3, 2012)
                    </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                    (August 29, 2010 to March 3, 2012)
                    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                    ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
                    </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                    (Un S) *
                    </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                    Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.
                    </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">351</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">321</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">36</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">101</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">67</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">450</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">375</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">38</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">263</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">199</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">5</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">84</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">184</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">349</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">549</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>

                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">195</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">162</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">169</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">581</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">508</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">430</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>

                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">4</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>

                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">5</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>

                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">4</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>

                    </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">90</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">465</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">136</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">110</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">219</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">406</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">2023</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1021</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">339</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">663</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">1162</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                    reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 *
                    </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                    (February 26 to March 3, 2012)
                    </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                    (Aug. 29, 2010 to March 3, 2012)
                    </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">347</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">164</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">112</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">220</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">206</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">139</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">248</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">85</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">512</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">87</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">182</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">162</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">313</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">135</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">125</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">83</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">428</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">308</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">93</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">131</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">272</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">82</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">144</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">162</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">1808</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">253</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">990</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">565</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">844</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                    Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                    by report week, 2011-2012


                    Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                    Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                    Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

                    Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                    Influenza strain characterizations

                    Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 460 influenza viruses (107 A/H3N2, 87 A/H1N1 and 266 B). Of the 107 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC), 101 (94.4%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 6 (5.6%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 87 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC &NB), 86 (98.9%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (1.1%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 266 influenza B viruses characterized, 147 (55.3%) (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 147 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 119 (44.7%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC, NB & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                    Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 460

                    Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                    Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                    Antiviral resistance

                    Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 451 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 450 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 258 influenza A viruses (150 H3N2 and 108 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                    <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">106</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">106</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">149 (99.3%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">108</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">108 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">254</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">253</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">451</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">450</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">258</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">257 (99.6%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                    Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                    The national ILI consultation rate increased to 38.6 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 09 but still remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those 5 to 19 years old (74.4/1,000 visits) and children under 5 (59.2/1,000 visits).
                    Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                    Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                    Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                    Severe Illness Surveillance

                    Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                    In week 09, 39 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Ten hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, SK, ON & QC); three were due to A(H1N1) (in AB & QC); six were due to A(H3N2) (in AB) and 20 were due to influenza B (in ON, QC & NL).

                    To date this season, 160 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, & NL); 86 (53.7%) were due to influenza A and 74 (46.3%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 16.9% among infants <6 months of age; 20.6% among children 6-23 months of age; 31.3% were between 2-4 years; 18.7% were between 5-9 years; and 12.5% were between 10-16 years.

                    Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                    Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                    In week 09, 61 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 6 in AB, 53 in ON, 1 in NL and 1 hospitalization requiring ICU admission in SK.

                    To date this season, 226 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from five provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON & NL). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 26.5% were in those 17-44 years of age; 25.7% were in those 45-64 years of age and 47.8% were in those > 65 years. In addition, 7 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (6 in ON & 1 in MB); all were > 65 years old.
                    Note: The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC,& QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                    .../
                    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                    -Nelson Mandela

                    Comment


                    • #25
                      Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 10

                      March 4 to March 10, 2012 (Week 10)

                      Posted 2012-03-16For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                      <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w10_12/pdf/fw2012-10-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: March 4 to March 10, 2012 (Week 10) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

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                      Overall Influenza Summary
                      • Overall influenza activity in Canada continued to increase in week 10 compared to previous weeks; all provinces and most territories (except Nunavut) reported either sporadic, localized or widespread influenza activity in at least one region this week
                      • Thirty-one outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (21 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 2 in hospitals, 1 in a school and 7 others).
                      • In week 10, 1,080 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (10.8% - A(H3); 8.4% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 29.1% - unsubtyped and 51.7% influenza B)
                      • The percent positive for influenza B detections continued to increase and has surpassed the percent positive for influenza A detections; the majority of influenza B detections (89%) this week were from Ontario and Quebec
                      • 93 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (47 paediatric and 46 adult)
                      • The national ILI consultation rate was similar compared to the previous week and remains within expected levels
                      <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                      In week 10, 2 regions reported widespread influenza activity (NL), 11 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR> & <ABBR title="Northwest Territories">NT</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 22 regions (within most provinces and territories except in NS, NL, NT & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Thirty-one outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 21 in long-term care facilities (1 in SK, 2 in MB, 15 in ON, 2 in QC & 1 in YT), 2 in hospitals (in QC), 1 in a school (in AB) and 7 others (in ON) (Figure 3).
                      Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                      Canada, Week 10









                      Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                      Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                      Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                      localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                      ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                      Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                      Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                      Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                      Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                      The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 21.1% (1,080/5,107) for week 10 (Figure 4 & 5). For the first time since November 2010, the weekly proportion of positive detections for influenza B (51.7% or 558/1,080 in week 10) surpassed the proportion positive for influenza A (48.3% or 522/1,080 in week 10). To date this season, the provinces with the highest proportion of influenza B detections compared to influenza A detections include: ON, QC & the Atlantic provinces.
                      Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 59.7% influenza A (45.1% - A(H3); 17.2% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 37.8% - unsubtyped) and 40.3% influenza B (Table 1).
                      Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 3,486 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.3% were < 5 years; 17.8% were between 5-19 years; 24.8% were between 20-44 years; 14.8% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.3% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.03% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (29%), those ≥ 65 years of age (23%) and those < 5 years of age (20%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (52%).
                      In week 10, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR> continued to decline (to 14.5%) and has been surpassed by the proportion positive for influenza. Percent positives for RSV in week 10 have declined compared to the previous week in most regions across Canada except in the Atlantic Region. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses declined or remained fairly similar compared to the previous week (parainfluenza-1.0%; adenovirus-1.6%; human metapneumovirus-5.2%; rhinovirus-5.3%; and coronavirus-4.3%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                      by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                      (March 4 to March 10, 2012)
                      </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                      (August 28, 2011 to March 10, 2012)
                      </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                      ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
                      </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                      (Un S) *
                      </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title="Northwest Territories">NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                      Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.
                      </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">388</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">341</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">47</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">85</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">535</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">432</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">60</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">46</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">308</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">222</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">67</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">10</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">288</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">453</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">114</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">96</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">837</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>

                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">219</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">208</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">207</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">800</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">63</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">716</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">639</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>

                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">8</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>

                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">18</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>

                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">7</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>

                      </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">108</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">522</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">314</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">558</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">2548</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1149</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">437</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">962</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">1722</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                      reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 *
                      </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                      ((March 4 to March 10, 2012)
                      </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                      (Aug. 28, 2011 to March 10, 2012)
                      </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                      These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                      </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">434</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">175</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">171</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">307</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">59</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">377</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">78</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">67</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">621</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">107</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">254</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">260</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">242</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">381</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">65</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">141</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">175</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">136</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">89</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">493</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">333</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">128</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">251</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">245</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">189</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">290</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">2173</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">314</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1053</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">806</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">1313</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                      Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                      by report week, 2011-2012


                      Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                      Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                      Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

                      Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                      Influenza strain characterizations

                      Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 532 influenza viruses (121 A/H3N2, 99 A/H1N1 and 312 B). Of the 121 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, ON & QC), 113 (93.4%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8 (6.6%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 99 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NB), 98 (99.0%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (1.0%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 312 influenza B viruses characterized, 167 (53.5%) (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 167 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 145 (46.5%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC, NB & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                      Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 532

                      Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                      Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                      Antiviral resistance

                      Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 520 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 517 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 282 influenza A viruses (166 H3N2 and 116 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but one influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                      <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">112</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">111</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">166</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">165(99.4%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">104</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">103</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">116</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">116 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">304</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">303</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">520</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">517</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">282</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">281 (99.6%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                      Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                      The national ILI consultation rate was similar to the previous week (38.7 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 10) and remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those 5 to 19 years old (93.2/1,000 visits) and children under 5 (45.8/1,000 visits).
                      Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                      Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                      Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                      Severe Illness Surveillance

                      Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                      In week 10, 47 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Fifteen hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in ON, QC & NL); two were due to A(H1N1) (in AB & QC); one was due to A(H3N2) (in AB) and 29 were due to influenza B (in BC, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL).

                      To date this season, 230 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 117 (50.9%) were due to influenza A and 113 (49.1%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 17.0% among infants <6 months of age; 20.0% among children 6-23 months of age; 28.3% were between 2-4 years; 23.0% were between 5-9 years; and 11.7% were between 10-16 years.

                      Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                      Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths

                      In week 10, 46 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult hospitalizations were reported: 9 in AB, 2 in MB, 29 in ON, 1 in NL, 4 in NS and 1 in NT. In addition, 7 adult influenza-associated deaths were reported this week in ON; 6 of the deaths were among those ≥ 65 years old; 5 of the deaths had influenza B infection.

                      To date this season, 281 influenza-associated adult hospitalizations have been reported from six provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, & NL) and one territory (NT). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 25.3% were in those 17-44 years of age; 26.3% were in those 45-64 years of age and 48.4% were in those ≥ 65 years. In addition, 14 adult influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (13 in ON & 1 in MB); all but one were ≥ 65 years old.

                      Note: The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated adult hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC,& QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                      .../
                      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                      -Nelson Mandela

                      Comment


                      • #26
                        Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 11

                        March 11 to March 17, 2012 (Week 11)

                        Posted 2012-03-23For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                        <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w11_12/pdf/fw2012-11-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: March 11 to March 17, 2012 (Week 11) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

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                        Overall Influenza Summary
                        • Influenza activity in Canada continued to increase overall compared to the previous week; most indicators (such as laboratory detections, outbreaks and hospitalizations) showed higher levels in week 11 compared to the previous week. Certain regions in the country (in ON, the Prairies and the Atlantic Region) are showing higher levels of activity compared to other regions.
                        • Fifty-four outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (31 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 5 in hospitals, 3 in schools and 15 others).
                        • In week 11, 1,219 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (11.6% - A(H3); 8.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 22.2% - unsubtyped and 57.3% influenza B). The percent positive for influenza B detections increased in all regions in Canada except in BC in week 11 compared to the previous week.
                        • 107 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (54 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 53 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                        • The ILI consultation rate declined compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.
                        <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                        In week 11, 1 region reported widespread influenza activity (<ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>), 13 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, NL & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 28 regions (within all provinces and territories except in YT) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Fifty-four outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 31 in long-term care facilities (1 in SK, 2 in MB, 21 in ON & 6 in NB), 5 in hospitals (3 in ON, 1in QC & 1 in NL), 3 in schools (in AB) and 15 others (13 in ON & 2 in NL) (Figure 3).
                        Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                        Canada, Week 11









                        Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                        Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                        Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                        localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                        ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                        Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                        Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                        Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                        Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                        The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 23.4% (1,219/5,207) for week 11 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza B continued to increase while the proportion positive for influenza A slightly declined in week 11. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in Manitoba, Ontario and all of the Atlantic provinces except New Brunswick.
                        Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 55.9% influenza A (42.3% - A(H3); 18.4% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 39.3% - unsubtyped) and 44.1% influenza B (Table 1).
                        Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 3,486 cases to date this season (Table 2). ). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.5% were < 5 years; 17.8% were between 5-19 years; 23.8% were between 20-44 years; 15.3% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.4% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (28%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (23%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (51%).
                        In week 11, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR> declined considerably to 10.9%. Percent positives for RSV were highest in the Atlantic Region for week 11. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained fairly similar compared to the previous week (parainfluenza-1.1%; adenovirus-1.6%; human metapneumovirus-5.7%; rhinovirus-4.7%; and coronavirus-4.8%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                        by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                        </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                        (March 11 to March 17, 2012)
                        </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                        (August 28, 2011 to March 17, 2012)
                        </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-blue><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                        ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*
                        </TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                        (Un S) *
                        </TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                        Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.
                        </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">413</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">358</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">57</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">96</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">631</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">491</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">84</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">55</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">342</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">248</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">3</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">39</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">111</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">59</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">387</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">568</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">144</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">311</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">113</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">1231</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>

                        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">230</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">208</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">213</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1030</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">76</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">924</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">852</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>

                        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">24</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>

                        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">34</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>

                        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">8</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>

                        </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">125</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-blue headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">520</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">140</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">109</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">271</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">699</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">3072</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1298</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">566</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">1208</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">2428</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                        reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012 *
                        </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                        (March 11 to March 17, 2012)
                        </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                        (Aug. 28, 2011 to March 17, 2012)
                        </TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                        These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                        </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">77</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">528</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">111</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">205</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">212</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">469</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">310</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">36</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">179</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">95</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">515</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">89</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">60</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">769</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">150</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">302</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">317</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">336</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">47</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">491</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">163</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">237</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">216</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">77</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">99</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">613</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">40</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">393</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">180</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">378</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">332</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">80</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">207</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">341</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">2720</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">432</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1246</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1042</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">1914</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                        Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                        by report week, 2011-2012


                        Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                        Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                        Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

                        Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                        Influenza strain characterizations

                        Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 629 influenza viruses (146 A/H3N2, 111 A/H1N1 and 372 B). Of the 146 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON & QC), 130 (89.0%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 16 (11.0%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 111 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NB), 110 (99.1%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (0.9%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 372 influenza B viruses characterized, 203 (54.6%) (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 167 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 169 (45.4%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                        Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 629

                        Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                        Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                        Antiviral resistance

                        Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 591 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 589 influenza viruses for resistance to zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 330 influenza A viruses (184 H3N2 and 146 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant (Table 3)
                        <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">128</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc5">127</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">184</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">183(99.5%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc5">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">146</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">146 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">345</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc5">345</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">591</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc5">589</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">330</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">329 (99.7%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                        Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                        The national ILI consultation rate declined from the previous week (32.6 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 11) and remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (92.0/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (78.0/1,000 visits).
                        Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                        Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                        Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                        Severe Illness Surveillance

                        Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
                        In week 11, 54 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. network. Eleven hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, AB, ON & QC); 4 were due to A(H1N1) (in ON & QC); 4 were due to A(H3N2) (in AB) and 35 were due to influenza B (in BC, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL). In addition, 2 paediatric deaths were reported in week 11; both were associated with influenza B infection; 1 case had an underlying medical condition; both were reported in ON.

                        To date this season, 299 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 146 (48.8%) were due to influenza A and 153 (51.2%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.4% among infants <6 months of age; 20.1% among children 6-23 months of age; 27.8% were between 2-4 years; 25.1% were between 5-9 years; and 11.7% were between 10-16 years. Two influenza-associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network this season to date.

                        Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                        Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                        In week 11, 107 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 54 (50.5%) were in those < 20 years of age and 53 (49.5%) in those ≥ 20 years of age. The hospitalizations were reported in AB (13), SK (1), MB (4), ON (76), NS (7) and NL (6). Of the 107 hospitalizations, 3 required admission to <ABBR title="Intensive-care unit">ICU</ABBR> (2 in AB & 1 in SK). In addition, 7 influenza-associated deaths were reported: 6 in ON (5 adults, 1 child) and 1 in SK (adult).

                        To date this season, 651 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 6 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 11.0% were in those < 1 year of age; 20.2% were in those 1-4 years of age; 17.1% were in those 5-19 years of age; 12.3% were in those 20-44 years of age; 14.8% were in those 45-64 years of age and 25.5% were in those ≥ 65 years. The proportion of cases by influenza type and subtype is as follows: 14.3% were A(H1N1)pmd09; 22.1% were A(H3N2); 14.0% were influenza A unsubtyped; 49.6% were influenza B and 0.5% had influenza A and B co-infection.

                        To date there have been 22 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, & NL) of which 27.1% were < 20 years of age and 63.6% were ≥ 20 years of age. In addition, 22 influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from SK, MB, & ON) of which 9.1% were among those < 20 years of age & 86.4% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 80.0% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

                        Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those ≤ 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals.

                        The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                        .../
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                        -Nelson Mandela

                        Comment


                        • #27
                          Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 12

                          March 18 to March 24, 2012 (Week 12)

                          Posted 2012-03-30For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                          <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w12_12/pdf/fw2012-12-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: March 18 to March 24, 2012 (Week 12) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                          ?? Help with PDF documents

                          Overall Influenza Summary
                          • Influenza activity in Canada continued to increase overall compared to the previous week; most indicators (such as laboratory detections, outbreaks, hospitalizations and <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR>) showed higher levels in week 12 compared to the previous week. Certain regions in the country (in <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, the Prairies and the Atlantic Region) are showing higher levels of activity compared to other regions.
                          • Fifty-five outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week (29 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 7 in hospitals, 3 in schools and 16 others).
                          • In week 12, 1,309 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (10.0% - A(H3); 7.5% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 21.9% - unsubtyped and 60.6% influenza B). The percent positive for influenza B detections increased in all regions in Canada in week 12 compared to the previous week.
                          • 135 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (54 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 81 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                          • The ILI consultation rate increased compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

                          <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                          In week 12, 1 region reported widespread influenza activity (<ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>), 12 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 29 regions (within all provinces and territories) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Fifty-five outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 29 in long-term care facilities (2 in AB, 1 in SK, 1 in MB, 22 in ON, 2 in NS & 1 in NT), 7 in hospitals (1 in AB, 4 in ON, 1 in NS & 1 in NL), 3 in schools (in NS) and 16 others (14 in ON & 2 in NL) (Figure 3).
                          Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                          Canada, Week 12










                          Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                          Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                          Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                          localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



                          ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                          Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                          Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                          Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                          Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                          The proportion of positive influenza tests continued to increase and was 24.4% (1,309/5,363) for week 12 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza B continued to increase (14.8%) while the proportion positive for influenza A (9.6%) continued to decline in week 12. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in Manitoba, Ontario and all of the Atlantic Provinces except New Brunswick.
                          Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 52.8% influenza A (40.5% - A(H3); 18.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.7% - unsubtyped) and 47.2% influenza B (Table 1).
                          Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 5,812 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.6% were < 5 years; 17.9% were between 5-19 years; 23.2% were between 20-44 years; 15.3% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.8% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (27%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (23%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (50%).
                          In week 12, the proportion of tests positive for <ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR> declined further to 9.6%. Percent positives for RSV were highest in the Atlantic Region for week 12. The percentage positive for the other respiratory viruses remained fairly similar compared to the previous week (parainfluenza-1.1%; adenovirus-2.0%; human metapneumovirus-4.9%; rhinovirus-4.9%; and coronavirus-3.8%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                          by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                          </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                          (March 18 to March 24, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                          (August 28, 2011 to March 24, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                          ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                          (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                          Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">427</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">367</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">66</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">26</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">761</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">585</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">120</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">71</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">379</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">268</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">82</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">11</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">89</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">121</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">406</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">689</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">171</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">375</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">143</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">1634</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">203</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">193</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">238</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1233</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">79</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1090</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">32</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">55</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">11</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                          </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">159</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">516</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">131</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">287</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">793</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">3601</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1457</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">677</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">1467</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">3218</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                          reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                          *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                          (March 18 to March 24, 2012)</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                          (Aug. 28, 2011 to March 24, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                          These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">69</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">44</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">72</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">638</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">137</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">229</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">272</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">618</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">76</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">372</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">200</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">120</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">667</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">70</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">885</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">177</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">326</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">382</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">466</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">63</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">582</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">108</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">288</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">306</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">83</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">44</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">741</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">466</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">226</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">525</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">315</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">35</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">75</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">205</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">353</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">3230</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">529</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1413</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1288</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">2582</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                          Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                          by report week, 2011-2012



                          Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                          Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                          Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                          Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                          Influenza strain characterizations

                          Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 745 influenza viruses (152 A/H3N2, 126 A/H1N1 and 467 B). Of the 152 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON & QC), 144 (94.7%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 8 (5.3%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 126 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NB), 125 (99.2%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (0.8%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 467 influenza B viruses characterized, 255 (54.6%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 254 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 212 (45.4%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                          Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 745

                          Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                          Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                          Antiviral resistance

                          Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 656 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 381 influenza A viruses (217 H3N2 and 164 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                          <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">146</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">146</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">217</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">216(99.5%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">130</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">130</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">164</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">164 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">380</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">380</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">656</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">656</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">381</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">380 (99.7%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                          Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                          The national ILI consultation rate increased from the previous week (36.7 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 12) and remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those 5 to 19 years old (71.8/1,000 visits) and children under 5 (51.9/1,000 visits).
                          Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                          Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                          Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                          Severe Illness Surveillance

                          Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
                          In week 12, 54 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>) network. Eleven hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, SK & QC); 6 were due to A(H1N1) (in AB & QC); 1 was due to A(H3N2) (in QC) and 36 were due to influenza B (in BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL).

                          To date this season, 365 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 168 (46.0%) were due to influenza A and 197 (54.0%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.3% among infants < 6 months of age; 20.8% among children 6-23 months of age; 29.6% were between 2-4 years; 23.6% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years. Two influenza-associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network this season to date.

                          Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                          Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                          In week 12, 124 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 43 (34.7%) were in those < 20 years of age and 81 (64.5%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 40% due to influenza A and 60% from influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported in AB (13), SK (1), MB (8), ON (94), PEI (2) and NL (6). Of the 124 hospitalizations, 3 required admission to <ABBR title="Intensive-care unit">ICU</ABBR> (2 in MB & 1 in SK). In addition, 10 influenza-associated deaths were reported: 8 in ON (7 adults, 1 child) and 2 in MB (1 adult, 1 child); 9 of the deaths were associated with influenza B infection.

                          To date this season, 794 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 9.9% were in those < 1 year of age; 18.8% were in those 1-4 years of age; 17.1% were in those 5-19 years of age; 11.7% were in those 20-44 years of age; 16.0% were in those 45-64 years of age and 26.5% were in those ≥ 65 years. The proportion of cases by influenza type and subtype is as follows: 14.1% were A(H1N1)pmd09; 20.8% were A(H3N2); 14.6% were influenza A unsubtyped; 50.2% were influenza B and 0.3% had influenza A and B co-infection.

                          To date there have been 45 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, & NL) of which 34.7% were < 20 years of age and 65.3% were ≥ 20 years of age. In addition, 37 influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from AB, SK, MB, & ON) of which 10.8% were among those < 20 years of age and 89.1% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 81.8% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

                          Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those ≤ 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                          .../
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                          • #28
                            Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 13

                            March 25 to March 31, 2012 (Week 13)

                            Posted 2012-04-10For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                            <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w13_12/pdf/fw2012-13-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: March 25 to March 31, 2012 (Week 13) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

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                            Overall Influenza Summary
                            • Overall influenza activity in Canada has started to decline; however activity remains elevated in some regions of the country (i.e. Atlantic Region, Ontario & Alberta).
                            • Fifty-seven outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (30 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 7 in hospitals, 12 in schools and 8 others).
                            • In week 13, 998 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (14.4% - A(H3); 8.3% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 20.5% - unsubtyped and 56.7% influenza B). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza A and B viruses declined in week 13 compared to the previous week.
                            • 9.6% of the H3N2 viruses and 0.7% of the H1N1 viruses antigenically characterized showed reduced titres against the current vaccine strains
                            • 126 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (43 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 83 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                            • The ILI consultation rate declined compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

                            <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                            In week 13, 2 regions reported widespread influenza activity (<ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>), 16 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>, NL & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 27 regions (within all provinces and territories) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Fifty-seven outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 30 in long-term care facilities (2 in BC, 4 in AB, 20 in ON, 2 in NS, 1 in NL & 1 in NT), 7 in hospitals (2 in ON, 3 in QC, 1 in NS & 1 in NL), 12 in schools (2 in AB, 5 in NB & 5 in NL) and 8 others (5 in ON & 3 in NL) (Figure 3).
                            Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                            Canada, Week 13










                            Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                            Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                            Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                            localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



                            ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                            Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                            Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                            Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                            Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                            The proportion of positive influenza tests declined this week and was 20.4% (998/4,887) for week 13 (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for both influenza B (11.6%) and influenza A (8.8%) declined in week 13 compared to the previous week. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in Manitoba, Ontario and all of the Atlantic Provinces.
                            Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 51.6% influenza A (40.3% - A(H3); 18.9% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.8% - unsubtyped) and 48.4% influenza B (Table 1).
                            Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 6,124 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.4% were < 5 years; 17.9% were between 5-19 years; 23.2% were between 20-44 years; 15.4% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.9% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (27%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (23%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (50%).
                            In week 13, the percentage positive for other respiratory viruses declined compared to the previous week (<ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-8.7%; parainfluenza-1.0%; adenovirus-1.2%; human metapneumovirus-4.9%; rhinovirus-5.2%; and coronavirus-2.7%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                            by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                            </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                            (March 25 to March 31, 2012) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                            (August 28, 2011 to March 31, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                            ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                            (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                            Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">445</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">380</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">71</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">133</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">93</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">902</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">704</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">141</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">88</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">417</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">285</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">95</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">26</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">134</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">756</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">184</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">417</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">155</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">1874</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">134</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">122</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">181</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1367</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">86</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1239</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1271</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">74</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">63</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">17</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                            </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">33</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">176</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">432</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">144</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">83</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">205</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">566</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">4043</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1628</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">765</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">1650</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">3794</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                            reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                            *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                            ((March 25 to March 31, 2012)</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                            (Aug. 28, 2011 to March 31, 2012)</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                            These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">667</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">142</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">257</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">268</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">644</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">397</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">59</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">218</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">120</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">698</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">939</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">187</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">362</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">390</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">479</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">627</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">118</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">219</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">290</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">319</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">43</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">809</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">522</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">235</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">533</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">151</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">3451</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">564</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1584</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1303</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">2673</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                            Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                            by report week, 2011-2012



                            Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                            Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                            Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                            Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                            Influenza strain characterizations

                            Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 820 influenza viruses (166 A/H3N2, 143 A/H1N1 and 511 B). Of the 166 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NT), 150 (90.4%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 16 (9.6%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 143 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, ON, QC & NB), 142 (99.3%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (0.7%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 511 influenza B viruses characterized, 267 (52.3%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 267 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 244 (47.7%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                            Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 820

                            Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                            Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                            Antiviral resistance

                            Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 731 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 447 influenza A viruses (255 H3N2 and 192 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                            <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">155</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">155</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">255</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">254(99.6%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">145</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">145</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">192</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">192 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">431</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">431</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">731</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">731</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">447</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">446 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                            Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                            The national ILI consultation rate declined from the previous week (22.1 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 13) and remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those 5 to 19 years old (44.9/1,000 visits) and children under 5 (32.8/1,000 visits).
                            Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                            Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                            Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                            Severe Illness Surveillance

                            Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)

                            In week 13, 43 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Six hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in QC & NL); 2 were due to A(H1N1) (in AB & QC); 6 were due to A(H3N2) (in AB & QC) and 29 were due to influenza B (in AB, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL).

                            To date this season, 421 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 189 (44.9%) were due to influenza A and 232 (55.1%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.4% among infants <6 months of age; 20.9% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.2% were between 2-4 years; 22.8% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years. Two influenza-associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network from the start of the season until week 13.

                            Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                            Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                            In week 13, 133 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 50 (37.6%) were in those < 20 years of age and 83 (62.4%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 60.9% due to influenza A and 39.1% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported from AB (29), MB (10), ON (85), NS (4) and NL (5). Of the 133 hospitalizations, 5 required admission to ICU (2 in AB, 2 in MB & 1 in NS). In addition, 11 adult influenza-associated deaths were reported in ON, 8 of the deaths were associated with influenza B infection.

                            To date this season, 946 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows 44.2% were <20years of age and 55.8% were ≥ 20 years of age. The proportion of cases by influenza type and subtype were similar to the previous week and are as follows: 14.9% were A(H1N1)pmd09; 20.6% were A(H3N2); 13.2% were influenza A unsubtyped; 51.1% were influenza B and 0.3% had influenza A and B co-infection.

                            To date there have been 38 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 31.6% were < 20 years of age and 68.4% were ≥ 20 years of age. In addition, 49 influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 8.2% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.8% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 82.2% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

                            Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those ≤ 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                            .../
                            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                            -Nelson Mandela

                            Comment


                            • #29
                              Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 14

                              April 1 to April 7, 2012 (Week 14)

                              Posted 2012-04-13For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                              <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w14_12/pdf/fw2012-14-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: April 1 to April 7, 2012 (Week 14) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 6 pages)

                              ?? Help with PDF documents

                              Overall Influenza Summary
                              • Overall influenza activity in Canada continues to decline; however activity remains elevated in some regions of the country (i.e. Atlantic Region, Ontario, Alberta & British Colombia).
                              • Forty-eight outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (27 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 4 in hospitals, 5 in schools and 12 others).
                              • In week 14, 762 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (12.7% - A(H3); 6.6% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 21.4% - unsubtyped and 59.3% influenza B). The proportion of positive detections for influenza B declined and increased for influenza A compared to the previous week.
                              • 89 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (22 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 67 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                              • The ILI consultation rate increased compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

                              <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                              In week 14, 14 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR>, <ABBR title="New Brunswick ">NB</ABBR>,& <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 32 regions (within all provinces and territories) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Forty-eight outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 27 in long-term care facilities (1 in BC, 2 in AB, 21 in ON, 2 in NS, & 1 in NL), 4 in hospitals (2 in ON, & 2 in NS), 5 in schools (1 in AB, 4 in NB) and 12 others (2 in AB, 5 in ON, 3 in NS & 2 in NL) (Figure 3).
                              Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                              Canada, Week 14










                              Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                              Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                              Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                              localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)



                              ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                              Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                              Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012


                              Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                              Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                              The proportion of positive influenza tests slightly increased this week and was 22.5% (909/4044) (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza B (11.2%) declined and for influenza A (11.3%) the proportion detected increased in week 14 compared to the previous week. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in Manitoba, Ontario and all of the Atlantic Provinces.
                              Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 50.6% influenza A (40.5% - A(H3); 18.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.7% - unsubtyped) and 49.3% influenza B (Table 1).
                              Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 7,301 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.5% were < 5 years; 18.3% were between 5-19 years; 23.2% were between 20-44 years; 15.1% were between 45-64 years of age; 21.6% were ≥ 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (27%) and those ≥ 65 years of age (23%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (49.3%).
                              In week 14, the percentage positive for other respiratory was similar compared to the previous week except for rhinovirus which increased (<ABBR title="Respiratory Virus Detections">RSV</ABBR>-8.9%; parainfluenza-1.0%; adenovirus-2.1%; human metapneumovirus-3.2%; rhinovirus-7.2 %; and coronavirus-3.9%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                              by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                              </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                              (April 1 to April 7, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                              (August 28, 2011 to April 7, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                              ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                              (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                              Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">479</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">399</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">68</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">78</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">92</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">57</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">23</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1000</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">783</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">156</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">61</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">112</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">439</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">292</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">106</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">44</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">32</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">54</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">166</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">153</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">790</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">186</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">439</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">165</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2027</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">114</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">108</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">155</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1480</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">88</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1346</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1426</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">38</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">112</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">76</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">20</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                              </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">187</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">310</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">97</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">163</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">452</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">4358</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1765</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">820</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">1773</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">4248</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                              reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                              *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                              April 1 to April 7, 2012 </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                              (Aug. 28, 2011 to April 7, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                              These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">42</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">34</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">778</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">164</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">274</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">340</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">791</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">20</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">462</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">66</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">234</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">162</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">876</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1061</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">213</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">387</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">461</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">633</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">699</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">140</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">237</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">322</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">406</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">50</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">29</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">904</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">58</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">557</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">289</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">675</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">2</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">167</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">108</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">182</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">3918</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">647</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1696</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1575</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">3383</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                              Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                              by report week, 2011-2012



                              Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                              Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                              Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                              Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                              Influenza strain characterizations

                              Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (<ABBR title="National Microbiology Laboratory">NML</ABBR>) has antigenically characterized 857 influenza viruses (178 A/H3N2, 155 A/H1N1 and 524 B). Of the 178 A/H3N2 viruses (from NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 162 (90.4%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 16 (9.0%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 155 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 154 (99.3%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (0.7%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 524 influenza B viruses characterized, 273 (52.1%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 273 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 251 (48.0%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                              Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 857

                              Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                              Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                              Antiviral resistance

                              Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 791 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 731 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 488 influenza A viruses (275 H3N2 and 2132 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                              <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">169</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">155</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">275</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">274(99.6%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">152</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">145</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">213</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">213 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">470</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">431</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">791</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">731</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">488</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">488 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                              Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                              The national ILI consultation rate increased from the previous week (23.9 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 14) but remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in children under 5 (51.4/1,000 visits) and those 5 to 19 years old (37.1/1,000 visits).
                              Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                              Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                              Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                              Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                              Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
                              In week 14, 22 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Eight hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC & QC); 1 was due to A(H1N1) (in AB); 2 were due to A(H3N2) (in AB) and 11 were due to influenza B (inON, QC, NS & NL). In addition, 1 paediatric death was reported (AB) and was associated with an influenza B infection.

                              To date this season, 451 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 204 (45.2%) were due to influenza A and 247 (54.8%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 15.1% among infants <6 months of age; 20.4% among children 6-23 months of age; 30.6% were between 2-4 years; 22.4% were between 5-9 years; and 11.5% were between 10-16 years. Three influenza B associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network from the start of the season until week 14.

                              Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                              Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                              In week 14, 99 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 32 (32.3%) were in those < 20 years of age and 67 (67.7%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 37.4% due to influenza A and 62.6% from influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported in NT (1) AB (16), MB (3), ON (74), NS (2) and NL (3). Of the 99 hospitalizations there were 6 adult influenza-associated deaths were reported (ON & SK), 5 of the deaths were associated with influenza B infection.

                              To date this season, 1061 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 9.4% were in those < 1 year of age; 17.9% were in those 1-4 years of age; 15.6% were in those 5-19 years of age; 11.7% were in those 20-44 years of age; 15.6% were in those 45-64 years of age and 29.8% were in those ≥ 65 years. The proportion of cases by influenza type and subtype were similar to the previous week and are as follows: 14.5% were A(H1N1)pmd09; 20.4% were A(H3N2); 13.1% were influenza A unsubtyped; 51.8% were influenza B and 0.2% had influenza A and B co-infection.

                              To date there have been 45 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 22.2% were < 20 years of age and 71.1% were ≥ 20 years of age. In addition, 58 influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 8.6% were among those < 20 years of age and 91.4% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 79.2% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

                              Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                              .../
                              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                              -Nelson Mandela

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                              • #30
                                Re: Canada FluWatch Weekly Reports 2011-2012 Season Week 15

                                April 8 to April 14, 2012 (Week 15)

                                Posted 2012-04-20For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
                                <A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 159 KB - 7 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/11-12/w15_12/pdf/fw2012-15-eng.pdf">2011-2012 FluWatch: April 8 to April 14, 2012 (Week 15) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 159 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 7 pages)

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                                Overall Influenza Summary
                                • The peak of activity for the 2011-2012 influenza season in Canada has passed as most indicators of influenza activity continue to decline. However, activity remains elevated in some regions of the country (i.e. Atlantic Region, Ontario, Alberta & British Columbia).
                                • Forty-four outbreaks of influenza or <ABBR title="Influenza-like illness">ILI</ABBR> were reported this week (25 in <ABBR title="long-term care facilities">LTCF</ABBR>s, 4 in hospitals and 15 others).
                                • In week 15, 841 laboratory detections of influenza were reported (13.9% - A(H3); 6.2% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 16.5% - unsubtyped and 63.4% influenza B). To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
                                • 118 influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported this week (24 paediatric through <ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR> surveillance and 94 adult through aggregate surveillance)
                                • The ILI consultation rate declined slightly compared to the previous week but remains within expected levels.

                                <!-- END Menu container | FIN de conteneur du menu --><!-- ############################################# --><!-- CONTENT TITLE BEGINS | DEBUT DU TITRE DU CONTENU -->Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks

                                In week 15, 1 surveillance region (within NL) reported widespread activity, 13 surveillance regions (within <ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Quebec>QB</ABBR>, <ABBR title="Nova Scotia">NS</ABBR> & <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR>) reported localized activity and 35 regions (within all provinces and territories) reported sporadic influenza activity (see Figure 1). Forty-four outbreaks of influenza or ILI were reported this week: 25 in long-term care facilities (23 in ON & 2 in NS), 4 in hospitals (in BC, ON, QC & NS) and 15 others (4 in AB, 6 in ON, 3 in NS & 2 in <ABBR title=Newfoundland/Labrador>NL</ABBR>) (Figure 3).
                                Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
                                Canada, Week 15










                                Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
                                Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
                                Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or
                                localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)


                                ? sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
                                Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
                                Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

                                Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012

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                                Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections

                                The proportion of positive influenza tests declined slightly this week and was 18.9% (841/4,440) (Figure 4 & 5). The proportion of positive detections for influenza B (12.0%) slightly increased from the previous week while the proportion positive for influenza A (6.9%) continued to decline. To date this season, influenza B remains the predominant virus type circulating in provinces east of Saskatchewan.
                                Cumulative to date of influenza virus detections by type/subtype is as follows: 49.4% influenza A (40.9% - A(H3); 18.8% - A(H1N1)pdm09; 40.4% - unsubtyped) and 50.6% influenza B (Table 1).
                                Detailed information on age and type/subtype were received on 8,022 cases to date this season (Table 2). The proportions of cases by age group are as follows: 21.4% were < 5 years; 18.3% were between 5-19 years; 22.8% were between 20-44 years; 15.2% were between 45-64 years of age; 22.0% were >= 65 years; and 0.2% with age unknown. The largest proportion of influenza A cases were between 20-44 years of age (27%) and those >=65 years of age (23%). The largest proportion of influenza B cases were under 20 years of age (48%).
                                In week 15, the percentage positive for other respiratory viruses declined compared to the previous week except for human metapneumovirus which increased slightly (RSV-7.0%; parainfluenza-1.1%; adenovirus-1.9%; hMPV-3.9%; rhinovirus-6.9 %; and coronavirus-3.0%) (Figure 5). For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
                                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
                                by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2011-2012
                                </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
                                (April 8 to April 14, 2012 ) </TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
                                (August 28, 2011 to April 14, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>B</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers="ac1 ac2">A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers="ac1 ac2">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers="ac1 ac2">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers="ac1 ac2">A
                                ( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)*</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers="ac9 ac10">A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers="ac9 ac10">A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers="ac9 ac10">Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers="ac9 ac10">A
                                (Un S) *</TH><TH headers="ac9 ac16">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=ar13 class=fontSize85 colSpan=13 headers=ar1>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no test for subtyping was performed. Specimens from <ABBR title=Nunavut>NT</ABBR>, <ABBR title=Yukon>YT</ABBR>, and <ABBR title=Nunavut>NU</ABBR> are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces.
                                Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">504</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">411</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">81</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">12</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">85</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">83</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">64</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">1094</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">876</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">170</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">48</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">138</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">24</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">9</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">463</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">303</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">115</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">53</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">10</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">64</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">53</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">185</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">55</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">14</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">172</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">845</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">211</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">460</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">174</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">2199</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
                                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">98</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">91</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">203</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">1582</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">49</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">92</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">1441</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">1638</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
                                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">71</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">21</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">18</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">183</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
                                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">84</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
                                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">2</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">31</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
                                </TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">8</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">59</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">30</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">25</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">195</TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">308</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">117</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">52</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">139</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">533</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">4681</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1914</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">878</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">1889</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">4791</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
                                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
                                reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2011-2012
                                *</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
                                April 8 to April 14, 2012 </TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
                                (Aug. 28, 2011 to April 14, 2012 )</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers="bc1 bc2">A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers="bc1 bc2">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers="bc1 bc2">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers="bc1 bc2">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers="bc8 bc9">A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers="bc8 bc9">Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers="bc8 bc9">A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers="bc8 bc9">A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc8 bc14">Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=br9 class=fontSize85 colSpan=11 headers=br1>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported.
                                These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1>< 5</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">41</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">16</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">22</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">46</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">847</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">181</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">303</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">363</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">871</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">5</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">13</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">51</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">496</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">73</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">250</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">173</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">969</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">37</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">7</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">19</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">45</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">1125</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">237</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">412</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">476</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">706</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">31</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">3</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">39</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">752</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">152</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">256</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">344</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">471</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">56</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">1</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">27</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">28</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">62</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">985</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">62</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">609</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">314</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">782</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">4</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">17</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">6</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">11</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">1</TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">188</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">15</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">74</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">99</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">243</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">4222</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">711</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1841</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1670</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">3800</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

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                                Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada,
                                by report week, 2011-2012


                                Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
                                Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
                                Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012


                                Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012

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                                Influenza strain characterizations

                                Since the start of the season, the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has antigenically characterized 900 influenza viruses (182 A/H3N2, 161 A/H1N1 and 557 B). Of the 182 A/H3N2 viruses (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NT), 163 (89.6%) were antigenically similar to A/Perth/16/2009 while 19 (10.4%) viruses showed reduced titers with antiserum produced against A/Perth/16/2009. Of the 161 A/H1N1 viruses characterized (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC & NB), 160 (99.4%) were antigenically similar to A/California/07/2009 and 1 (0.6%) virus tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against A/California/07/2009. Of the 557 influenza B viruses characterized, 291 (52.2%) (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NL) were antigenically similar to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage); however 1 virus out of the 291 tested showed reduced titer with antiserum produced against B/Brisbane/60/2008. The remaining 266 (47.8%) influenza B viruses (from BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS & NU) are antigenically related to the reference virus B/Wisconsin/01/2010-like, which belongs to the Yamagata lineage. (Figure 6)
                                Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012, N = 900

                                Note: The recommended components for the 2011-2012 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine include: A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) and B/Brisbane/60/2008.
                                Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012

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                                Antiviral resistance

                                Since the beginning of the season, NML has tested 866 influenza viruses for resistance to oseltamivir (by phenotypic assay and/or sequencing) and 865 for zanamivir (by phenotypic assay) and it was found that all viruses tested were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir. A total of 511 influenza A viruses (283 H3N2 and 228 H1N1) were tested for amantadine resistance; all but 1 influenza A(H3N2) virus tested were resistant. (Table 3)
                                <TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2011-2012 </CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD id=cr6 class=fontSize85 colSpan=7 headers=cr1><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">176</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc1 cc2">176</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc8">283</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr2 cc7 cc9">282(99.6%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">175</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc1 cc2">174</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc8">228</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr3 cc7 cc9">228 (100%)</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">515</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc1 cc2">515</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc8">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr4 cc7 cc9">NA <SUP>* </SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">866</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc1 cc2">865</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc8">511</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr1 cr5 cc7 cc9">510 (99.8%)</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                                Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate

                                The national ILI consultation rate declined from the previous week (26.7 ILI consultations per 1,000 patient visits in week 15) but remains within the expected levels for this time of year (Figure 7). The highest consultation rates this week were observed in those between 5 to 19 years old (58.7/1,000 visits) and children under 5 (54.5/1,000 visits).
                                Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)

                                Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
                                Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
                                Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance

                                Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (<ABBR title="Immunization Monitoring Program Active">IMPACT</ABBR>)
                                In week 15, 24 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (16 years of age and under) hospitalizations were reported through the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network. Four hospitalizations were due to influenza A (unsubtyped) (in BC, MB & QC); 4 were due to A(H3N2) (in AB) and 16 were due to influenza B (in AB, MB, ON, QC & NS). In addition, 1 paediatric death was reported (MB) that occurred in week 12 and was associated with influenza B infection.

                                To date this season, 476 influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations have been reported through IMPACT (from BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NS & NL); 213 (44.7%) were due to influenza A and 263 (55.3%) were due to influenza B. The proportion of cases by age group is as follows: 14.9% among infants <6 months of age; 20.8% among children 6-23 months of age; 31.1% were between 2-4 years; 22.5% were between 5-9 years; and 10.7% were between 10-16 years. To date this season, 4 influenza B associated deaths have been reported through the IMPACT network.
                                Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associate paediatric hospitalizations in Canada; therefore, the number of hospitalizations included in this report may differ from those reported by other Provincial and Territorial Health Authorities.

                                Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System)

                                In week 15, 142 new laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported of which 48 (33.8%) were in those < 20 years of age and 94 (66.2%) in those ≥ 20 years of age; 31.0% due to influenza A and 69.0% due to influenza B. The hospitalizations were reported in AB (15), MB (10), ON (102), NS (5), PE (6) and NL (4). Of the 142 hospitalizations, 4 required admission to ICU (2 in AB, 1 in MB and 1 in NL) and were all associated with influenza A infection. In addition, there were 9 adult influenza-associated deaths reported (in ON); 6 of the deaths were associated with influenza B infection.

                                To date this season, 1,219 influenza-associated hospitalizations have been reported from 7 provinces (AB, SK, MB, ON, NS, PE & NL) and 2 territories (YT & NT). The proportion of cases by age group were similar to the previous week and are as follows: 9.1% in those < 1 year of age; 17.2% in those 1-4 years of age; 15.3% in those 5-19 years of age; 11.5% in those 20-44 years of age; 16.2% in those 45-64 years of age; 30.6% in those ≥ 65 years and 0.1% was unknown. The proportion of cases by influenza type and subtype were similar to the previous week and are as follows: 14.1% were A(H1N1)pmd09; 19.9% were A(H3N2); 12.3% were influenza A unsubtyped; 53.6% were influenza B and 0.2% had influenza A and B co-infection.

                                To date there have been 47 hospitalizations requiring ICU admission reported (from AB, SK, MB, NS & NL) of which 25.5% were < 20 years of age and 74.5% were ≥ 20 years of age. In addition, 68 influenza-associated deaths have been reported to date this season (from AB, SK, MB, ON & NS) of which 7.4% were among those < 20 years of age and 92.6% in those ≥ 20 years of age. Of the adult deaths, 76.2% were in those ≥ 65 years of age.

                                Note: Some of the hospitalizations and deaths reported in those < 16 years of age may also have been reported in the IMPACT summary above if the hospitalization or death occurred in one of the 12 IMPACT hospitals. The reason for hospitalization or cause of death does not have to be attributable to influenza in order to be reported. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces: BC, & QC. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by SK. ICU admissions are not reported in ON.

                                .../
                                "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                                -Nelson Mandela

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