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Yamaguchi Japan Tamiflu Resistant Sequence Released
Re: Yamaguchi Japan Tamiflu Resistant Sequence Released
Quebec finds first, Japan finds second cases of Tamiflu-resistant swine flu
By Helen Branswell (CP) ? 1 hour ago
TORONTO ? Canada has recorded a case of Tamiflu-resistant swine flu virus, in a Quebec man who had been given the drug to prevent infection.
Meanwhile, Japan revealed Tuesday it had found a second such case of Tamiflu resistance, in a person who has no ties to the country's earlier reported case.
The cases are the fourth and fifth globally since the new H1N1 virus was discovered in April.
The Quebec man, 60, was given the flu antiviral after his son fell ill with the pandemic virus. It's believed the resistance arose in the man and there is no evidence he transmitted resistant virus to anyone else.
"It appears to be an isolated case," said Jirina Vlk, spokesperson for the Public Health Agency of Canada.
"Although the strain does not appear to have spread beyond the reported individual case we continue to be vigilant on this front."
Use of Tamiflu to prevent infection - a procedure called prophylaxis - has been seen on occasion to give rise to resistant viruses.
"We know that it was going to happen and it's not good news that it's happening," said Dr. Allison McGeer, an influenza expert at Toronto's Mount Sinai Hospital.
But she said given the amount of Tamiflu being used in the world right now, such cases are bound to arise.
"It's the problem with influenza, right? Either we're going to see small numbers of these and they're just going to kind of appear periodically and we're all going to worry or it's going to go big," McGeer said.
"There's probably not going to be much in between."
Another such case cropped up in Japan, in the city of Yamaguchi. Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases logged genetic sequence data for the virus on Tuesday in Genbank, a repository for genetic sequences used by flu researchers.
The lab's director, Dr. Masato Tashiro, confirmed the case in an email containing details provided to the World Health Organization.
The new case was a person who had been given the antiviral drug as post-exposure prophylaxis - an attempt to prevent illness in a person exposed to the pandemic virus.
The person has since recovered, and it appears that there has been no spread, the email stated. The virus was sensitive to Relenza, a second drug in the same class as Tamiflu.
The earlier Japanese case had occurred in a person in the city of Osaka.
Other cases have been reported by Denmark and Hong Kong. Four of the five cases arose in people who had been taking the drug.
One, however, was recorded in a girl from San Francisco who travelled while sick to Hong Kong. Health inspectors at the airport there pulled her aside and tested her for swine flu.
She was positive, but told doctors there she hadn't taken Tamiflu. That suggests the virus that caused her infection was already resistant. U.S. officials have intensified surveillance for resistant viruses in the San Francisco area but say they have not found other cases.
The Public Health Agency says the Quebec man recovered from his bout of swine flu without complications and never needed hospitalization.
Vlk said the agency recommends using Tamiflu for treatment only, adding prudent use of the drug could stave off the development of resistance.
Follow Canadian Press Medical Writer Helen Branswell's flu updates on Twitter at CP-Branswell
Chiayi County has been identified in patients, "Tamiflu" was confirmed with a mutated avian flu virus showing resistance gene, have been reported in the country, and then let us know.
However, according to the ministry, with the mutant gene are resistant to Tamiflu, the severity of the virus (pathogenic) is a direct influence is not.
Re: Yamaguchi Japan Tamiflu Resistant Sequence Released
Today, June 2nd, the first case of H1N1 influenza was confirmed in Yamaguchi Prefecture.
We are taking all possible measures as a prefecture in order to prevent the spread of infection, so we ask that everyone please act in a calm manner and act based upon accurate information.
Since there is no New Jersey in that travel log, can we assume it is not the same NA as the 274Y-infected HK girl flying from San Francisco?
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Correct. This is H274Y on a different genetic background than the Hong Kong / San Francisco sequence or the Osaka sequence. The sequences from Denmark and Quebec have not been released.
Thus, at this time H274Y is on five isolates and no evidence has been presented to show that any of the five match each other.
So does this, coupled with the quebec resistance, indicate that there is a circulating strain with H274Y?
The Quebec case seems to imply infection from a family member. We would need at least a sequence from the family member who may have been the source of the older man's infection. But there is the question being raised in that thread: did the man with the known resistant strain spread it?
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