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Simulation Exercise on Influenza Pandemic Responses in the Asia Pacific Region

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  • Simulation Exercise on Influenza Pandemic Responses in the Asia Pacific Region

    Hat tip Fla Medic and Shiloh -

    "The H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has been confirmed in more than 60 countries during the past three years. The virus is capable of infecting and causing severe illness in humans, with more than 350 sporadic cases reported (over 240 have died). Governments have become increasingly alert to the possibility that this virus could undergo genetic
    change and become capable of sustained transmission between humans, triggering an influenza pandemic.

    A severe influenza pandemic would have significant consequences for the whole of society. The world experienced three pandemics in the 20th century, one of which (1918?19) resulted in widespread loss of life and had serious economic and social impacts. History suggests that there will be another influenza pandemic at some time in the future; its impact could be greatly reduced by preparing to ensure continuity of essential services, governance, economic activity, transportation and health care. The alternative ? as with any crisis ? is that vulnerable people suffer unnecessarily.

    Prompted by concerns resulting from the spread of avian influenza, almost all the world?s nations have now developed national pandemic preparedness plans. The nature and scope of these plans varies: while most address medical and public health responses, many do not yet
    indicate how essential services will continue to operate under pandemic conditions, nor do they prepare sufficiently for a pandemic?s economic, humanitarian and societal consequences.

    The United Nations system advocates multisectoral pandemic preparedness at local, provincial and national levels with the involvement of government, civil society, private entities and the media. In our experience, the testing of pandemic preparation ? through simulation
    exercises ? is the most effective and efficient way to validate assumptions, examine capacity and ensure an optimal state of readiness.

    Many national governments within the Asia-Pacific region have initiated actions to prepare for the next influenza pandemic. They are making provisions to ensure that they can contain it at source and respond to exceptional needs. They need to ensure that essential services will
    continue to operate under conditions of high absenteeism, diminished supply lines and altered demand. These governments have built considerable experience with simulation exercises...."



  • #2
    Re: Simulation Exercise on Influenza Pandemic Responses in the Asia Pacific Region

    ASIA: Countries lagging in flu pandemic plans, UN warns [IRIN]
    ASIA: Countries lagging in flu pandemic plans, UN warns

    BANGKOK, 13 October 2008 (IRIN) -

    Most Asia-Pacific nations are making progress on avian flu control, but are lagging in plans to tackle the social and economic fallout of a human flu pandemic, a senior UN influenza specialist has warned.


    "In general, the situation is that countries are getting much more on top of the bird flu," senior UN System Influenza Coordinator (UNSIC), David Nabarro, told IRIN in Bangkok. "I'm impressed with progress, but I am saying a lot more needs to be done, particularly on multi-sectoral pandemic preparedness."

    UNSIC in the Asia-Pacific, collaborating with the Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre and the Kenan Institute Asia, has released its first compilation of simulation exercises conducted by countries to prepare for a human influenza pandemic.

    In the book, countries such as Indonesia, Vietnam and China detail and assess their simulations, which range from table-top discussions to full-scale exercises; in one 2006 Australian simulation, 800 participants from domestic government agencies responded to a pandemic originating in a fictional Southeast Asian nation.

    The simulations were aimed at testing a range of areas, from cooperation between government agencies to the efficiency of standard procedures and the feasibility of existing pandemic preparedness plans.

    Although governments have built experience through simulations, Nabarro writes in the book that many plans worldwide have yet to show how essential services will continue in a pandemic, where there may be high work absenteeism.

    There is also insufficient preparation for wider social, economic and political consequences.

    "The planning for pandemics that has been done by most countries and organisations during the last two years has concentrated on health service planning - making sure that the hospitals are equipped to keep working, making sure that the medical staff have some understanding of what they are expected to do," Nabarro told IRIN.

    ''Yet ? our experience is that a pandemic will do much more than affect the health system, it will affect essential services, it will affect the operation of government and transport and all other aspects of society."

    The book, Simulation exercises on influenza pandemic responses in the Asia-Pacific region, will be distributed to governments at the Sixth International Ministerial Conference on Avian and Pandemic Influenza from 24 October this year in Egypt.

    It will also be made available to NGOs from next month.

    Pandemic fears
    Since the re-emergence of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry in 2003, 387 cases of human avian flu have been recorded, of whom 245 died, according to September 2008 figures from the World Health Organization.

    Health experts fear the H5N1 virus will mutate into a form that can be easily transmitted between humans, leading to a flu pandemic.

    Nabarro said the book was aimed at encouraging the testing of pandemic preparedness through simulations - the most effective form of preparation.

    While governments have the political will to include pandemic preparedness in their disaster planning, it "sort of comes quite low down the priority list" for busy government officials, who may also need to think beyond a pandemic's immediate health crisis, he said.

    "The instinctive impression, for example, in the mind of a senior government figure when pandemic preparedness comes up in discussion is to say, 'Really, that's the ministry of health's job, isn't it?'" he said.

    While the book has a few exercise examples that move beyond the health sector to involve countries' finance and tourism sectors, there are "not enough", Nabarro said.

    "If a government is preparing for a pandemic, for the continuity during a pandemic, it will only really appreciate some of these broader consequences if it undertakes a simulation," he said."If you don't plan for the broader social, economic and political consequences of a pandemic, if you don't do what we call multi-sectoral preparedness planning, then you are missing out on the overall preparation that's necessary."

    ey/bj/mw
    --
    <cite cite="http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=80878">IRIN Asia | Asia | Afghanistan Bangladesh Indonesia Cambodia Laos Sri Lanka Myanmar Nepal Papua New Guinea Philippines Pakistan Thailand Timor-Leste Vietnam | ASIA: Countries lagging in flu pandemic plans, UN warns | Avian Flu Early Warning Aid Policy | News Item</cite>

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