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Ogii Nuur Lake MONGOLIA: WILD BIRDS DIE-OFF, AVIAN INFLUENZA (from ProMedMail.org, edited)
MONGOLIA: WILD BIRDS DIE-OFF, AVIAN INFLUENZA (from ProMedMail.org, edited)
<http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org="">Date: Mon 25 May 2009
Source: People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency report [in Chinese, trans. & summ. Rappt.DS, edited] <http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">
Outbreak of avian influenza among birds in Mongolia's Arkhangai Aimag
</http:></http:></http:><http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">Mongolia's Emergency Situations Agency announced today [25 May 2009] that, on 22 May, swans had died of unknown cause in Ogii Nuur Lake, in the Arkhangai Aimag [see commentary]. </http:></http:></http:>
<http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html=""></http:></http:></http:>
<http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">
After analysis, the Mongolian National Livestock Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Center announced on [24 May 2009] that the swans died due to infection by H5N1 avian influenza.
On 24 May [2009], the governor of Arkhangai Aimag ordered closure of the outbreak area.
[byline: Huo Wen]
-- communicated by:
ProMED-mail rapporteur Dan Silver
[The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Mongolia is available at http://healthmap.org/r/00di<http: healthmap.org="" r="" 00di="">. Arkhangai ("Northern Khangai") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located slightly west to the country's center, on the northern slopes of the Khangai Mountains (see map at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_mn_arkhangai_aimag.png<http: en.wikipedia.org="" wiki="" file:map_mn_arkhangai_aimag.png="">.) The small Ogii Nuur Lake is located in the eastern part of the aimag, in the sum (district) of the same name (see map at <http: upload.wikimedia.org="" wikipedia="" commons="" 0="" 01="" mongolia_arkhangai_sum_map.png="">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...ai_sum_map.png.)
The reported outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in wild swans in Mongolia follows China's notification of 17 May 2009 of an outbreak in "wild migratory" birds (no species identification available), reportedly detected in Qinghai on 8 May 2009 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20090518.1869].
Remarkably, a rather similar scenario was seen in these territories in 2005 [see ProMED-mail archive no. 20070828.2815].
During late April-June 2005, an outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection occurred among wild birds at Qinghai Lake in China. First identified in bar headed geese (_Anser indicus_), the disease soon spread to other avian species populating the lake. At the beginning of August 2005, the Mongolian authorities reported an outbreak in wild birds in Erhel lake, Alag-Ederne county, Huvsgel province, affecting wild ducks, geese and swans.
According to a 2007 Chinese paper (ref 1), sequence analysis of 15 viruses from 6 avian species and collected at different times during the 2005 outbreak revealed 4 different H5N1 genotypes. Importantly, H5N1 viruses isolated in Mongolia, Russia, and Inner Mongolia were genetically closely related to one of the genotypes isolated during the Qinghai outbreak.
As noted by the authors, this genotype virus also spread to some countries in Europe and Africa, suggesting its dominant nature.
The distance between Qinghai (China) and Arkhangai (Mongolia) exceeds 1500 km (932 mi).
The current co-circulation in China of both type A influenza viruses, namely the highly pathogenic H5N1 and the novel, human-adapted A (H1N1), is a matter of concern, particularly in view of China's huge pig ("mixing vessel") population (see [1] in ProMED-mail archive 20090509.1733).
Ref 1: Yanbing Li, Jianzhong Shi, Qiaoling Qi, Guohua Deng, Guobin Tian, Haidan Zhao, et al. H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in wild birds in western China. J Wildl Dis 2007; 43: S21. Abstract PDF available at <http: www.jwildlifedis.org="" cgi="" reprint="" 43="" 3_supplement="" s21="">. http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/repr...Supplement/S21 - Mod.AS]
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<cite cite="http://apex.oracle.com/pls/otn/f?p=2400:1001:1878963090070436::NO::F2400_P1001_BA CK_PAGE,F2400_P1001_PUB_MAIL_ID:1000,77687">http://apex.oracle.com/pls/otn/f?p=2..._ID:1000,77687</cite>
Source: People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency report [in Chinese, trans. & summ. Rappt.DS, edited] <http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">
Outbreak of avian influenza among birds in Mongolia's Arkhangai Aimag
</http:></http:></http:><http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">Mongolia's Emergency Situations Agency announced today [25 May 2009] that, on 22 May, swans had died of unknown cause in Ogii Nuur Lake, in the Arkhangai Aimag [see commentary]. </http:></http:></http:>
<http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html=""></http:></http:></http:>
<http: www.promedmail.org=""><http: www.isid.org=""><http: world.people.com.cn="" gb="" 1029="" 42354="" 9362065.html="">
After analysis, the Mongolian National Livestock Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Center announced on [24 May 2009] that the swans died due to infection by H5N1 avian influenza.
On 24 May [2009], the governor of Arkhangai Aimag ordered closure of the outbreak area.
[byline: Huo Wen]
-- communicated by:
ProMED-mail rapporteur Dan Silver
[The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Mongolia is available at http://healthmap.org/r/00di<http: healthmap.org="" r="" 00di="">. Arkhangai ("Northern Khangai") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located slightly west to the country's center, on the northern slopes of the Khangai Mountains (see map at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_mn_arkhangai_aimag.png<http: en.wikipedia.org="" wiki="" file:map_mn_arkhangai_aimag.png="">.) The small Ogii Nuur Lake is located in the eastern part of the aimag, in the sum (district) of the same name (see map at <http: upload.wikimedia.org="" wikipedia="" commons="" 0="" 01="" mongolia_arkhangai_sum_map.png="">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...ai_sum_map.png.)
The reported outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in wild swans in Mongolia follows China's notification of 17 May 2009 of an outbreak in "wild migratory" birds (no species identification available), reportedly detected in Qinghai on 8 May 2009 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20090518.1869].
Remarkably, a rather similar scenario was seen in these territories in 2005 [see ProMED-mail archive no. 20070828.2815].
During late April-June 2005, an outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection occurred among wild birds at Qinghai Lake in China. First identified in bar headed geese (_Anser indicus_), the disease soon spread to other avian species populating the lake. At the beginning of August 2005, the Mongolian authorities reported an outbreak in wild birds in Erhel lake, Alag-Ederne county, Huvsgel province, affecting wild ducks, geese and swans.
According to a 2007 Chinese paper (ref 1), sequence analysis of 15 viruses from 6 avian species and collected at different times during the 2005 outbreak revealed 4 different H5N1 genotypes. Importantly, H5N1 viruses isolated in Mongolia, Russia, and Inner Mongolia were genetically closely related to one of the genotypes isolated during the Qinghai outbreak.
As noted by the authors, this genotype virus also spread to some countries in Europe and Africa, suggesting its dominant nature.
The distance between Qinghai (China) and Arkhangai (Mongolia) exceeds 1500 km (932 mi).
The current co-circulation in China of both type A influenza viruses, namely the highly pathogenic H5N1 and the novel, human-adapted A (H1N1), is a matter of concern, particularly in view of China's huge pig ("mixing vessel") population (see [1] in ProMED-mail archive 20090509.1733).
Ref 1: Yanbing Li, Jianzhong Shi, Qiaoling Qi, Guohua Deng, Guobin Tian, Haidan Zhao, et al. H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in wild birds in western China. J Wildl Dis 2007; 43: S21. Abstract PDF available at <http: www.jwildlifedis.org="" cgi="" reprint="" 43="" 3_supplement="" s21="">. http://www.jwildlifedis.org/cgi/repr...Supplement/S21 - Mod.AS]
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