South Korea - Outbreaks of avian influenza H5N1 and H5N6 in poultry 2023

[Lance]

Korea (Rep. of) - High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with) - Immediate notification


GENERAL INFORMATION

COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE
COUNTRY/TERRITORY

ANIMAL TYPE
TERRESTRIAL

DISEASE CATEGORY
Listed disease

EVENT ID
5402

DISEASE
High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with)

CAUSAL AGENT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
H5N6

START DATE
2023/12/05

REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
Recurrence of an eradicated strain

DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
2018/04/26

CONFIRMATION DATE
2023/12/11

EVENT STATUS
On-going

END DATE - SELF-DECLARATION

NO REPORT INFORMATION

REPORT NUMBER
Immediate notification

REPORT ID
IN_164453

REPORT REFERENCE - REPORT DATE
2023/12/18

REPORT STATUS
Validated

NO EVOLUTION REPORT

EPIDEMIOLOGY

SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION

• Unknown or inconclusive

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS
No epidemiological comment

QUANTITATIVE DATA SUMMARY

MEASURING UNIT
Animal
SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinated Birds (DOMESTIC)NEW51381032247513763--TOTAL51381032247513763--

DIAGNOSTIC DETAILS

CLINICAL SIGNS
YES

METHOD OF DIAGNOSTIC
Clinical, Necropsy, Diagnostic test

Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)	Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)	Birds	8	2023/12/11	2023/12/14	Positive

https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/5402

[Pathfinder]

Translation Google

A series of confirmed cases in Jeonbuk... Tensions over ‘AI proliferation’

Reporter name Reporter Jinwoo Lee Approved 2023.12.15 17:25
Newspaper No. 3546 (2023.12.19) Page 1
...
The number of confirmed cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI), which began occurring at a broiler duck farm in Goheung, Jeollanam-do on December 3, increased to a total of 15 cases as of the 15th. The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs held a meeting of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Central Accident Control Headquarters, chaired by Minister Jeong Hwang-geun, with the participation of related ministries and local governments, and announced that it would promote strengthened quarantine measures.

According to the Central Investigation Agency, as of the 15th, a total of 15 cases of highly pathogenic AI were confirmed nationwide, and in Jeonbuk alone, 7 cases occurred in three cities and counties, Gimje, Iksan, and Wanju, from December 6 to 12, and on the 15th, four laying hen farms in Gimje, Jeollabuk-do Confirmations continued at Yeongam Broiler Duck Farm in Jeollanam-do.

In particular, this avian influenza has two virus types, H5N1 and H5N6, making quarantine authorities even more nervous. This is because H5N6 and H5N8 occurred simultaneously in the winter of 2016 and 2017, resulting in a total of 383 outbreaks and 37.87 million poultry being disposed of from November 2016 to April 2017, causing serious damage.

Accordingly, the central government has already issued a temporary stop movement (Standstill) order from 22:00 on December 13 to 22:00 on December 14, focusing on the Jeonbuk region, and 13 laying hen farms with more than 30,000 chickens in three cities and counties in Jeonbuk We have started to strengthen quarantine by installing control posts at the entrance to control the entry and exit of people and vehicles, and taking measures to strengthen disinfection around the farm.

In addition, poultry affiliates will be required to conduct quarantine on-site inspections on affiliated farms every week, and a joint inspection team composed of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Public Administration and Security will be formed to inspect the status of farm disinfection and quarantine and strictly punish in case of violation. Meanwhile, the three Jeonbuk Province In order to prevent the spread in cities and counties, an additional expert at the director level of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs was dispatched to the site to manage the quarantine situation.

Minister Jeong Hwang-geun said at a Central Investigation Agency meeting held on the morning of the 14th, “It is spreading at a fairly rapid rate. In particular, in the past, the H5N1 type mainly emerged, but this time, the H5N6 type also occurred simultaneously. “Looking at past cases, when two viruses occur, the damage was quite severe,” he said, expressing concern. “According to experts’ analysis, it is thought that quarantine will be quite difficult with the H5N6 type because it takes time to manifest even if infected. “We ask for thorough quarantine,” he said.

Minister Jeong continued, “Large-scale dense complexes, including large-scale laying hen farms, have been conducting quarantine well by establishing a one-on-one dedicated system for quarantine officers, but outbreaks are occurring at farms in blind spots. “Please make sure that there are no blind spots in local governments such as provinces, cities and counties,” he said, adding, “If cases of infection continue to appear, if compensation is inevitably reduced or complaints are filed, there may be damage to farms, so please do your best to guide farmers.” And to integrated business operators, “Because most poultry products are integrated, affiliates are not free from responsibility. There are farmers who violate basic rules. He emphasized, “Please take special care from affiliates.”

Reporter Lee Jin-woo leejw@agrinet.co.kr

https://www.agrinet.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=323453

----------------------------------------------------------------------

"Concerns about spread of damage to poultry farms"... Highly pathogenic AI, 20 cases reported in about 2 weeks

CBS No Cut News Reporter Kim Seung-mo send a mail 2023-12-17 10:02

TL;DR
'H5N1'·'H5N6' Check for virus... Concerns about simultaneous epidemics

As cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) infection continue, there are concerns about damage to poultry farms.

According to the Highly Pathogenic AI Central Accident Control Headquarters on the 17th, a total of 20 confirmed cases of highly pathogenic AI were reported in poultry farms across the country from the 4th to the day before.

On the 4th (confirmed) (As of Sunday) The first poultry farm confirmed case of this winter was reported at a duck farm in Goheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and two days later, on the 6th, a case of infection was also reported at a duck farm in Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do.

Afterwards, on the 7th and 9th. On the other hand, reports of infection continued from farms in Iksan and Gimje cities in Jeollabuk-do and Asan in South Chungcheong Province. Afterwards, two cases each were reported on the 12th and 13th, and five cases were confirmed per day on the 14th. Three cases occurred on the 15th and two the day before.

This year, the first infection was reported later than last year, but the initial number of cases appeared to be higher, with 20 cases occurring in the 13 days after the first infection. Last year, after the first confirmed case at a poultry farm on October 18, a total of 3 cases were recorded in 13 days.

Accordingly, during this year's highly pathogenic AI epidemic, the number of confirmed cases was higher than last year's 75 cases. There are concerns that the number may increase.

Meanwhile, the types of viruses detected in affected poultry farms are 'H5N1', 'H5N6' As two cases were confirmed, concerns about damage due to simultaneous outbreaks are growing.

In the winter of 2016 and 2017, H5N6 and H5N8 types were simultaneously prevalent, causing great damage from highly pathogenic AI...Heavy Water Source reports to each farm that if ducks or chickens are infected with the H5N6 type virus, it may take several days for them to die, delaying the confirmation of infection. Please report it to .

https://www.nocutnews.co.kr/news/6064407

[Shiloh]

Source: https://www.reuters.com/business/hea...ys-2023-12-19/

South Korea reports eight outbreaks of H5N6 bird flu on farms
Reuters
December 19, 202310:57 AM ESTUpdated 9 hours ago

PARIS, Dec 19 (Reuters) - South Korea has reported eight cases of H5N6 bird flu on farms, prompting the culling of more than 500,000 poultry, the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) reported on Tuesday.

The outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza, commonly called bird flu, were detected between Dec. 5 and Dec. 11, in villages in the western part of the country, the WOAH said in a report posted on its website citing information from South Korean authorities.

The virus killed 47 birds, while the rest of the flocks totalling 513,810 were culled, the Paris-based WOAH said.

Earlier this month South Korea reported an outbreak of the H5N1 strain which has been spreading around the globe, including in Japan and Cambodia in Asia, but it had not reported any outbreaks of H5N6...

[Shiloh]

Source: https://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news...eq_Code=182647

Another Highly Pathogenic AI Case Reported in Yeongam, Total Rises to 24
Written: 2023-12-24 13:18:49 / Updated: 2023-12-24 13:52:44

The number of highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) cases at poultry farms in the country has risen to 24.

According to the Central Disaster and Countermeasures Headquarters on AI on Saturday, cases at a duck farm in Yeongam, South Jeolla Province, have been confirmed as a highly pathogenic H5 AI infection.

The new case brought the season’s confirmed cases at poultry farms to 24 since the first case was confirmed at a duck farm in Goheung, South Jeolla Province, on December 4...

[Shiloh]

Source: https://www.dailyvet.co.kr/news/prev...hygiene/200782

Highly pathogenic AI spreads mainly in Honam...24 cumulative cases
In addition to 24 outbreak farms, highly pathogenic AI was also detected in preventive culling farms.
Registered 2023.12.26 10:57:13
Reporter Sangjun Yoon


Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) are continuing, especially in the Honam region.

According to the Highly Pathogenic AI Central Accident Control Headquarters, the number of confirmed cases of highly pathogenic AI in poultry farms as of the 23rd increased to 24. Except for the Asan laying hen farm in South Chungcheong Province (6th), which was confirmed earlier this month, all cases were concentrated in Jeonbuk and Jeollanam-do.

By livestock species, laying hens were the most numerous with 12 locations. This was followed in that order by broiler ducks (9), broiler breeders (2), and bell ducks (1).

The trend of H5N1 and H5N6 highly pathogenic AIs occurring together continues. While H5N6 highly pathogenic AI was detected in the 22nd outbreak farm, mixed infection with H5N1 type was confirmed in some farms.

The scale of damage from culling, including preventive culling, exceeded 2 million. In addition to the 24 outbreak farms officially counted, there are also cases of highly pathogenic AI being belatedly detected in preventive culling farms.

The spread of highly pathogenic AI is expected to continue for the time being, with H5-type AI antigens detected at a duck farm in Boseong-gun, Jeollanam-do that received a suspicion report on the 25th.

[Lance]

Korea (Rep. of) - High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with) - Follow up report 2


GENERAL INFORMATION

COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE
COUNTRY/TERRITORY

ANIMAL TYPE
TERRESTRIAL

DISEASE CATEGORY
Listed disease

EVENT ID
5380

DISEASE
High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (poultry) (Inf. with)

CAUSAL AGENT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
H5N1

START DATE
2023/12/03

REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
Recurrence of an eradicated disease

DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
2023/04/17

CONFIRMATION DATE
2023/12/05

EVENT STATUS
On-going

END DATE - SELF-DECLARATION

NO REPORT INFORMATION

REPORT NUMBER
Follow-up report 2

REPORT ID
FUR_164560

REPORT REFERENCE - REPORT DATE
2023/12/26

REPORT STATUS
Validated

NO EVOLUTION REPORT

EPIDEMIOLOGY SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION

• Unknown or inconclusive

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS
No epidemiological comment

QUANTITATIVE DATA SUMMARY

MEASURING UNIT
Animal
SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinated Birds (DOMESTIC)NEW1800012010017900--TOTAL4000064040039600--

DIAGNOSTIC DETAILS

CLINICAL SIGNS
YES

METHOD OF DIAGNOSTIC
Diagnostic test

Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)	Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA)	Birds	1	2023/12/03	2023/12/04	Positive

https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/5380

[Shiloh]

Source: http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/news_...eq_Code=182696

Another Highly Pathogenic AI Case in Boseong Raises Total to 25
Written: 2023-12-27 09:37:47 / Updated: 2023-12-27 09:41:30

The number of highly pathogenic avian influenza(AI) cases at poultry farms in the country has risen to 25.

According to the Central Disaster and Countermeasures Headquarters on AI on Tuesday, a case at a duck farm in Boseong County, South Jeolla Province has been confirmed as a highly pathogenic H5 AI infection.

The new detection brought the season’s cases at poultry farms to 25 since the first was confirmed at a duck farm in Goheung, South Jeolla Province on December 4...

[Michael Coston]

WOAH: South Korea Reports 10 Additional Poultry Outbreaks With HPAI H5N6




Credit CDC


#17,846

Ten years ago this month, South Korea - which had battled HPAI H5N1 off and on for a decade - was hit by a new HPAI H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 virus, which tore through their poultry industry. Prior to that, similar H5N8 viruses had only been (rarely) seen in wild birds (in 2010) in Asia, and isolated in 2 ducks in Zhejiang Province in 2013.

At roughly the same time, a deadlier (in humans) HPAI H5N6 clade 2.3.4.4 virus emerged in Sichuan China, and after a slow start, has now infected nearly 90 people across much of China (see map below).

Over time these clade 2.3.4.4 viruses have evolved into into numerous subclades (a-h), scores of genotypes, and even spun off new subtypes (including the now globally dominant HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b).

This convoluted evolutionary process means that we can have multiple viruses with the same subtype (e.g. H5N1 or H5N6) and clade (e.g. 2.3.4.4), but with very different threat profiles. Some H5N6 viruses, for example, may pose a much bigger threat to human health than others.

H5N8 became the dominant HPAI H5 virus across much of the world in the middle of the last decade, but gave way (briefly) to H5N6 in 2018, and was later overwhelmed by a much more transmissible HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus in 2021.

But, influenza's super power is its ability to continually change via reassortment and antigenic drift.

Which explains why, after an absence of nearly 6 years, South Korea (and Japan) have reported the return of HPAI H5N6 over the past 30 days.

WOAH: Japan Reports 1st HPAI H5N6 (in a wild bird) Since 2018

WOAH: South Korea Reports 8 Poultry & Wild Bird Outbreaks With HPAI H5N6

South Korea originally reported 8 outbreaks in domestic poultry, and 3 in wild birds. Today, in updates to both reports, we learn than 10 more poultry farms have been infected, and 1 more wild bird has tested positive for HPAI H5N6.



Thus far, we've seen no indication that this HPAI H5N6 virus poses any greater risk (to poultry or humans) than its HPAI H5N1 cousin. It's recent return and rapid spread, however, are being closely watched.

South Korea's MAFRA (Ministry of Agriculture) released the following (translated) statement on this increased avian flu activity in December.

Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs takes care of the field as the new year begins

2024.01.01 16:00:00 Quarantine Policy Bureau Avian Influenza Quarantine Division

Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Song Mi-ryeong visited a highly pathogenic avian influenza quarantine site on Monday , January 1 , as her first on-site visit after taking office . Minister Song Mi-ryeong confirmed the operation status of the base disinfection facility located in Jangsu-gun, Jeollabuk-do , inspected the livestock quarantine response posture in the Jeollabuk-do region at the Jeollabuk-do Animal Hygiene Testing Laboratory, and encouraged quarantine officials .

This year, since the first outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza at a broiler duck farm in Goheung, Jeollanam-do on December 3 , there have been 25 cases * as of December 31 , 2023. The outbreak occurred somewhat later than last year ** , but there were two serotypes (H5N1 type) . , H5N6 type ) occurring simultaneously , the risk of further spread is high .

* Occurrence status by city and province in 2023 : 18 cases in Jeonbuk , 6 cases in Jeonnam , 1 case in Chungnam

** First outbreak status in 2022 : '22.10.17., Yecheon Duck Farm, Gyeongsangbuk-do

Minister Song Mi-ryeong visited the Jangsu-gun base disinfection facility and said that livestock infectious diseases are mainly spread through people and vehicles, so the role of the base disinfection facility is very important, and visited the facility to manage the facility and ensure that there are no disruptions in the operation of the disinfection facility due to freezing, etc., even in winter when temperatures drop below freezing. It was emphasized that vehicles should be thoroughly disinfected .

Then, we will go to the Jeollabuk-do Animal Hygiene Testing Laboratory, which is in charge of diagnosis, surveillance, and research for livestock infectious diseases . Since quick and accurate diagnosis is important to minimize damage from livestock infectious diseases, we will do our best to establish a 24- hour response system and respond quickly. requested .

Minister Song Mi-ryeong told the attending officials, “ This year’s top priority is to minimize the occurrence and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza by implementing strengthened quarantine measures for laying hen clusters and large-scale laying hen farms in order to stabilize egg prices, which are closely related to people’s lives.” He requested that “everyone cooperate and respond with one mind . ”

In addition , in the future , as the risk of livestock infectious diseases is increasing due to climate change and active overseas exchange, the quarantine responsibility of poultry affiliates will be strengthened and cooperation with the private sector , such as livestock disease inspection through private institutions and disinfection and pest control using specialized companies, etc. “ We plan to continue to expand collaboration , ” he said .

Lastly , in order to prevent the occurrence and spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza, he emphasized that “ livestock farms and livestock personnel must strictly comply with basic quarantine rules, such as 2- stage disinfection of vehicles entering and exiting the barn, wearing quarantine clothing and changing boots in the livestock barn , ” and “ General He urged the public to participate in the prevention of infectious livestock diseases by refraining from entering migratory bird habitats and poultry farms .

Whether this is just a temporary incursion - like we saw in 2018/2019 - or the emergence of a competitive subtype for H5N1 (like happened with H5N8 in 2014), remains to be seen.

Stay tuned.

https://afludiary.blogspot.com/2024/...dditional.html