Bhutan - 1 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in backyard birds, Thimphu (OIE, April 16, 2015)

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Bhutan

Information received on 16/04/2015 from Dr Tashi Samdup, Director, Department of Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Thimphu, Bhutan

Summary Report type Immediate notification Date of start of the event 03/04/2015 Date of confirmation of the event 06/04/2015 Report date 16/04/2015 Date submitted to OIE 16/04/2015 Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease Date of previous occurrence 17/04/2013 Manifestation of disease Clinical disease Causal agent Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Serotype H5N1 Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced), Necropsy This event pertains to a defined zone within the country

New outbreaks (1)

Outbreak 1 Motithang City Camp, Thimphu Thromde, THIMPHU Date of start of the outbreak 03/04/2015 Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided) Epidemiological unit Backyard Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Birds 37 16 16 21 0

Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1 Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Birds 37 16 16 21 0 Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Birds 43.24% 43.24% 100.00% 100.00% *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter

Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Unknown or inconclusive Epidemiological comments The outbreak has occurred in a backyard, free-ranging poultry population. While interviewing the owners of the birds, none of the mentioned source of infection could be ascertained. Further investigation on the source of infection will be followed-up. A host-pathogen interaction particularly in this case would be potential research topic. Only a small number of birds in an isolated pocket was affected. No further infection in flocks in close proximity was detected.

Control measures Measures applied Stamping out Quarantine Movement control inside the country Screening Zoning Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s) Dipping / Spraying Vaccination prohibited No treatment of affected animals Measures to be applied No other measures

Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result National Centre for Animal Health, Serbithang, Thimphu (National laboratory) Birds real-time PCR 06/04/2015 Positive National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Bhopal, India (OIE?s Reference Laboratory) Birds real-time PCR 14/04/2015 Positive

Future Reporting The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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