Japan - 4 new outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs in Tokyo (OIE, September 25, 2020)

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SARS-COV-2, Japan

Information received on 25/09/2020 from Dr Norio Kumagai, Director, Chief Veterinary Officer, Animal Health Division, Food Safety and Consumer Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan

Summary Report type Immediate notification Date of start of the event 26/07/2020 Date of confirmation of the event 03/08/2020 Report date 25/09/2020 Date submitted to OIE 25/09/2020 Reason for notification Emerging disease Morbidity 1 (scale 0 to 5) Mortality 0 (scale 0 to 5) Zoonotic impact Zoonotic potential currently unknown Causal agent SARS-CoV-2

New outbreaks (4)

Outbreak 1 Tokyo, Tokyo Date of start of the outbreak 26/07/2020 Outbreak status Resolved (30/07/2020) Epidemiological unit Not applicable Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 1 1 0 0 0 Affected population one domestic dog

Outbreak 2 Tokyo, Tokyo Date of start of the outbreak 31/07/2020 Outbreak status Resolved (10/08/2020) Epidemiological unit Not applicable Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 2 1 0 0 0 Affected population one domestic dog

Outbreak 3 Tokyo, Tokyo Date of start of the outbreak 07/08/2020 Outbreak status Resolved (21/08/2020) Epidemiological unit Not applicable Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 1 1 0 0 0 Affected population one domestic dog

Outbreak 4 Tokyo, Tokyo Date of start of the outbreak 12/08/2020 Outbreak status Resolved (24/08/2020) Epidemiological unit Not applicable Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 1 1 0 0 0 Affected population one domestic dog

Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 4 Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Dogs 5 4 0 0 0 Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Dogs 80.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter

Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Suspected human to animal transmission Epidemiological comments Outbreak 1, 2 and 3 Since April 2020, a private company in Japan has been running a voluntary service to take care of companion animals owned by COVID-19 patients while the owners are in hospital or isolation. From late July to early August, the dogs were entrusted to the private company by their owners who were to be hospitalized due to COVID-19. Nasal and throat swabs were taken from the dogs at the quarantine facility owned by the private company. Samples were tested positive for SARS-CoV2 by the tests conducted by the National Laboratory in Tokyo. The dogs were returned to the owners after negative results have been confirmed. The dogs were placed under quarantine until negative results were confirmed. Note: Outbreak 1 and 2 have already been reported to the OIE by the delegate letter dated on 7th August, 2020. Outbreak 4 The dog was temporarily transferred to the public facility on 12th August after its owner was hospitalized due to COVID-19. Nasal and oral swabs were taken from the dog at the public facility. Samples were tested positive for SARS-CoV2 by the tests conducted by the National Laboratory in Tokyo. The dog was placed under quarantine for sufficient time. None of these 4 dogs have exhibited any clinical signs. Note that the location of the outbreaks used in this report is that of MAFF to protect any data relating to human cases.

Control measures Measures applied Traceability Quarantine Disinfection Vaccination permitted (if a vaccine exists) No treatment of affected animals Measures to be applied No other measures

Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs gene sequencing 03/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs gene sequencing 07/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs gene sequencing 18/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 30/07/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 02/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) 10/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 14/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs virus neutralisation test (VNT) 25/08/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs virus neutralisation test (VNT) 16/09/2020 Positive the National Institute for Infectious Diseases (National laboratory) Dogs virus neutralisation test (VNT) 16/09/2020 Positive The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (Private Laboratory) Dogs enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 31/08/2020 Positive The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (Private Laboratory) Dogs virus neutralisation test (VNT) 31/08/2020 Positive

Future Reporting The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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https://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=35864