France - 5 new outbreaks of anthrax in cattle in farms, Moselle, Hautes-Alpes (OIE, July 16, 2018)

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Anthrax, France

Information received on 16/07/2018 from Dr Loic Evain, Directeur G?n?ral adjoint, CVO, Direction g?n?rale de l'alimentation, Minist?re de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Paris, France

Summary Report type Immediate notification Date of start of the event 17/06/2018 Date of confirmation of the event 21/06/2018 Report date 16/07/2018 Date submitted to OIE 16/07/2018 Reason for notification Recurrence of a listed disease Date of previous occurrence 03/10/2017 Manifestation of disease Clinical disease Causal agent Bacillus anthracis Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (basic), Laboratory (advanced), Necropsy This event pertains to a defined zone within the country

New outbreaks (5)

Outbreak 1 (2018-1) Langatte, Langatte, Moselle Date of start of the outbreak 17/06/2018 Outbreak status Resolved (21/06/2018) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 226 1 1 0 0 Affected population A batch of heifers not yet vaccinated was on a field known to be an anthrax-infected field. A heifer is dead. All animals have since been vaccinated and no other cases are reported.

Outbreak 2 (2018-2) Montgardin, Montgardin, Hautes-Alpes Date of start of the outbreak 28/06/2018 Outbreak status Resolved (12/07/2018) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 160 6 6 0 0 Affected population On a farm with 160 suckling cattle, six animals died between 28 June and 8 July, three in pens and three on pasture. All had consumed hay from nearby fields. The suspicion of anthrax was confirmed by the national reference laboratory on 11 July. The animals were under antibiotic treatment since 8 July 2018 and will be vaccinated at the end of the treatment.

Outbreak 3 (2018-3) La Batie Neuve, La Batie Neuve, Hautes-Alpes Date of start of the outbreak 03/07/2018 Outbreak status Resolved (12/07/2018) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 10 3 3 0 0 Affected population On a farm with ten suckling cattle, three grazing animals died between 3 and 9 July. The National Reference Laboratory confirmed the suspicion of anthrax on 11 July 2018. All animals received antibiotic treatment since 9 July and will be vaccinated at the end of treatment.

Outbreak 4 (2018-4) Montgardin, Montgardin, Hautes-Alpes Date of start of the outbreak 04/07/2018 Outbreak status Resolved (12/07/2018) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 100 2 1 0 0 Affected population On a farm with 100 dairy cows, one animal died suddenly on 4 July and, on another cow, signs consistent with anthrax were observed on 8 July. The sick animal received antibiotic treatment and no longer shows signs of illness. The other cattle were vaccinated. The farm produces milk, which is then pasteurized. The National Reference Laboratory confirmed anthrax on 13 July 2018.

Outbreak 5 (2018-5) La Rochette, La Rochette, Hautes-Alpes Date of start of the outbreak 04/07/2018 Outbreak status Resolved (12/07/2018) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 340 1 1 0 0 Affected population On a farm with 340 suckling cattle, a bull on a pasture adjacent to La Batie Neuve outbreak died on 4 July 2018. The 100 cattle present on site were vaccinated. The other animals from the farm, on mountain pasture since the end of June, are under surveillance.

Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 5 Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Killed and disposed of Slaughtered Cattle 836 13 12 0 0 Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Cattle 1.56% 1.44% 92.31% 1.44% *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter

Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Fomites (humans, vehicles, feed, etc.) Epidemiological comments In Moselle: A batch of heifers not yet vaccinated grazing in an anthrax-infected field (previous cases in 2016 and 2017). An animal is dead. The other animals were vaccinated and no other cases were reported. In Hautes-Alpes: The current investigation has shown that earthwork was carried out nearby and that many thunderstorms in June and July led to leaching. An epidemiological investigation is in on-going.

Control measures Measures applied Movement control inside the country Vaccination in response to the outbreak (s) Traceability Official disposal of carcasses, by-products and waste Disinfection Treatment of affected animals (Antibiotics) Measures to be applied No other measures

Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result National Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort (National laboratory) Cattle bacteriological examination 21/06/2018 Positive National Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort (National laboratory) Cattle bacteriological examination 11/07/2018 Positive National Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort (National laboratory) Cattle bacteriological examination 13/07/2018 Positive

Future Reporting The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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