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Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Brazil (OIE, December 7 2012): 1st occurrence of disease

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  • Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Brazil (OIE, December 7 2012): 1st occurrence of disease

    [Source: OIE, full PDF document: (LINK). Edited.]


    Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Brazil


    Information received on 07/12/2012 from Dr Figueiredo Marques Guilherme Henrique , Director, Departamento de Sa?de Animal , Minist?rio da Agricultura, Pecuaria e Abastecimento , Brasilia, Brazil
    • Summary
      • Report type Immediate notification
      • Date of start of the event 18/12/2010
      • Date of pre-confirmation of the event 15/06/2012
      • Report date 07/12/2012
      • Date submitted to OIE 07/12/2012
      • Reason for notification First occurrence of a listed disease
      • Manifestation of disease Sub-clinical infection
      • Causal agent Prion responsible for bovine spongiform encephalopathy
      • Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced)
      • This event pertains to the whole country
    • New outbreaks
      • Summary of outbreaks
        • Total outbreaks: 1
          • Outbreak Location - PARANA ( Sertan?polis )
            • Total animals affected: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
              • Cattle - 148 - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
        • Outbreak statistics: Species - Apparent morbidity rate - Apparent mortality rate - Apparent case fatality rate - Proportion susceptible animals lost*
          • Cattle - 0.68% - 0.68% - 100.00% - 0.68%
          • * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter;
    • Epidemiology
      • Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
        • Unknown or inconclusive
    • Epidemiological comments
      • On 18 December 2010, the Official Veterinary Services (OVS) were informed by the owner of a holding in the municipality of Sertan?polis (State of Paran?) on a recumbent bovine showing limb stiffness which was detected during routine inspection.
      • Next day, when the OVS were going to visit the holding, they were informed by the stockman that the animal was dead.
      • The OVS went to the holding to collect information and samples for the diagnosis of the cause of the death.
      • As it is an area where rabies is present in herbivores, samples were taken for the diagnosis of this disease and for differential diagnosis, as recommended by the national protocol.
      • The animal was properly buried on site.
      • The animal was a beef breeding cow almost 13 years old at the time of death, according to information obtained during the epidemiological investigations.
      • According to regulations and routine procedures to be implemented in case of suspected neurological diseases, the sample was tested for rabies and it was negative.
      • As it was an adult animal negative for rabies, the sample was sent for laboratory analysis within the surveillance system for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
      • On 11 April 2011, a negative histopathological result for BSE was obtained in a laboratory accredited by the OVS.
      • The sample was sent to the National Reference Laboratory, National Agricultural Laboratory (LANAGRO-PE), Recife, Pernambuco, for BSE diagnosis and it tested positive on 15 June 2012 by immunohistochemical test.
      • The delay between the two tests was caused by an incident occurred in one of the laboratories of the accredited network for the diagnosis of BSE.
      • That led to overload the system and to prioritize the diagnosis of samples which met BSE-risk characteristics, as established by the OIE.
      • The sample belonged to the group ?fallen stock? and to the age group ?over 9 years?, according to the Article 11.5.22 of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
      • This classification led to consider the sample as showing a low diagnosis priority level, which resulted in a longer than expected delay from histopathological to immunohistochemical tests.
      • According to the procedure manual on response to the occurrence of a BSE event in Brazil and as it is the first occurrence in the country, the sample was sent for confirmatory diagnosis to the OIE Reference Laboratory for this disease, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Weybridge, United Kingdom.
      • The sample tested positive in immunohistochemical test on 6 December 2012.
      • The epidemiological investigation shows that the animal?s death was not caused by BSE and suggests that it may be an atypical case of the disease occurring in the oldest animals.
      • Information collected during the epidemiological investigation shows also that the animal was reared in an extensive system on grazing.
      • Note by the OIE: Brazil is still recognized by the OIE as having a negligible BSE risk in accordance with Chapter 11.5. of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code.
    • Control measures
      • Measures applied
        • No vaccination
        • No treatment of affected animals
      • Measures to be applied
        • No other measures
    • Diagnostic test results
      • Laboratory name and type: Animal Health Laboratory - IMA ( National laboratory )
        • Tests and results: Species - Test - Test date - Result
          • Cattle - histological test - 11/04/2011 - Negative
      • Laboratory name and type: National Agricultural Laboratory (LANAGRO-PE) ( National laboratory )
        • Tests and results: Species - Test - Test date - Result
          • Cattle - immunohistochemical test - 15/06/2012 - Positive
      • Laboratory name and type: Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA) ( OIE?s Reference Laboratory )
        • Tests and results: Species - Test - Test date - Result
          • Cattle - immunohistochemical test - 06/12/2012 - Positive
    • Future Reporting
      • The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
    -
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  • #2
    Re: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Brazil (OIE, December 7 2012): 1st occurrence of disease

    http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/...sSector&rpc=43
    Brazil government denies reports of 2010 mad cow case

    BRASILIA | Fri Dec 7, 2012 1:22pm EST

    (Reuters) - Brazil's Agriculture Ministry said on Friday that the country has not registered any case of mad cow disease, denying reports on some local media web sites that said the disease had cropped up in the southern state of Parana two years ago.
    [snip]
    "The animal in question didn't manifest the disease and didn't die of this cause," said Executive Secretary Jose Carlos Vaz, one of the agriculture ministry's top officials.

    Officials could not confirm the exact cause of death of the pasture-fed female used for breeding purposes, but said it had septicemia and mineral deficiencies. Its keepers notified authorities after it was found collapsed on the ground. It died 24 hours later. A neurodegenerative disease would have taken much longer to cause death, officials pointed out.

    The OIE has maintained Brazil's status as a country with an insignificant risk of BSE, the officials said, adding Brazil would pursue legal action if necessary against any importer trying to exploit BSE claims to block imports of Brazilian beef.

    Asked why it had taken two years for Brazil to send a sample of the cow's tissue to the OIE for testing on Dec. 1, officials said the country adhered to the established protocol of conducting exhaustive tests at home first...
    _____________________________________________

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