Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
30 September - 6 October 2013
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Polio campaign reaches half a million children
A polio vaccination campaign reached some 533,500 children, aged 15 years
and under. The campaign was launched after the Government declared a national health emergency on 26 September after confirming three cases of polio.
Following the declaration of a polio outbreak in Eastern Equatoria and Northern
Bahr el Ghazal states, health partners and State Ministries of Health launched
emergency polio vaccination campaigns to prevent further spread of the polio virus.
The campaign targeted Ikotos County in Eastern Equatoria and Aweil South County in Northern Bahr el Ghazal where cases were detected. Counties such as Budi in Eastern Equatoria State and Gogrial East County in Warrap where polio has not been reported were also targeted because of their proximity to areas of the polio outbreak. Health partners provided materials and financial resources to support the campaign, including conducting social
mobilization.
Three additional rounds of polio national immunization days are planned for all states from November to December. Before the outbreak, South Sudan had been polio-free for over four years, since the last case was reported in June 2009.
Meanwhile, partners also supported local health authorities to respond to a measles outbreak in Malakal County, Upper Nile where 43 cases were reported, ten of which were confirmed.
Health partners conducted detailed investigations of the cases reported at Malakal Teaching Hospital, while supporting planned measles vaccination campaigns.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
23 - 29 September 2013
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Government declares polio outbreak
The Government of South Sudan confirmed three cases of polio, one in
Eastern Equatoria and two in Northern Bahr el Ghazal, and declared the outbreak a national health emergency on 26 September.
Girls aged 2 and 8 years in Northern Bahr el Ghazal State, and a 2-year-old girl in Eastern Equatoria State were confirmed as having the wild polio virus after tests were conducted at the Kenya Medical
Research Institute in Nairobi.
South Sudan had been polio-free since
June 2009. However, since the polio outbreak in Somalia was confirmed in May
this year and cases reported in Kenya and Ethiopia, medical authorities in South Sudan have
been on high alert to look out for possible cases.
The Government is working closely with health partners in-country and around the world to
prevent the spread of the wild polio virus. An emergency vaccination campaign in the areas
where the polio virus was detected was launched and will continue through to 4 October in
Eastern Equatoria, Northern Bahr el Ghazal and Warrap states. This will compliment ongoing
efforts by the government and health partners in conducting preventive polio vaccination
campaigns since August, in areas considered most at risk of the polio outbreak, especially
along border areas. Additional campaigns are planned for all the states from October to
December to ensure children are protected from the polio virus.
Polio is an infectious disease transmitted from an infected person through water or food contaminated
with faecal matter. The disease has no cure, frequently kills children, leaves many
children disabled, and is highly contagious. Vaccination is the only means of protection.
Upper Nile reports 43 suspected cases of measles
Partners reported 43 suspected cases of measles in Malakal County, Upper Nile State, since
August this year. 10 of 15 samples collected from patients tested positive for measles, according
to Upper Nile State Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization. The affected,
who are children aged between 6 and 18 months, continue to receive treatment at
Malakal hospital.
The Ministry of Health working with health partners have reactivated national and state
measles taskforces to coordinate response operation, and are strengthening surveillance at
facility and community levels. A mass measles vaccination campaign was launched targeting
over 31,300 children in Malakal County.
Between January and May, outbreaks were recorded in Central Equatoria, Eastern Equatoria,
Lakes, Northern Bahr el Ghazal, Western Equatorial and Upper Nile states.
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease, which affects mostly children. It is transmitted
via droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of infected persons. Measles can be prevented
by immunization.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
REFUGEE SURVEILLANCE UPDATE
(MABAN AND YIDA)
Epidemiological Week 27 1st ? 7th July 2013
Highlights
The proportion of health facilities in Maban that submitted the weekly reports to the state and central level was 20 out of 24 bringing completeness to 83.3%. (See list of health facilities in Maban and supporting partners on page 2). All facilities serving the refugees in Maban reported on time in week 27, while those serving the host communities were 12 out of 16 facilities.
All the three health facilities serving Yida refugee camp reported on time this week.
Malaria was the leading priority disease recorded in the refugee camps (56.7%), followed by Acute watery diarrhea (31.9%), AJS (8.6%), and Acute bloody diarrhea (2.8%).
Two hundred and seventeen (217) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and 4 related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida in week 27.
No case was reported from the host community this week.
Gendrassa reported 38.9% of the cases, followed by Doro 36.9%, kaya 16.8%, and Batil 7.4%.
The cumulative AJS cases recorded from Maban refugee camps are 11,122 and 202 related deaths, while Yida has recorded 479 cases and 13 deaths.
Two measles cases were reported this week from Batil and Kaya camps.
No cases of meningitis, cholera, or viral haemorrhagic fever were reported this week.
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Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD)
A total of 803 AWD cases were reported in Maban and Yida refugee camps during this reporting week with no related deaths. AWD accounted for 31.9% of the priority diseases reported this week. Proportion of cases below five years was at 65.1% of all reported AWD cases in all the camps.
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Dysentery (ABD)
A total of 70 cases of ABD with no related deaths were reported in week 27 from the refugee camps in Maban and Yida. This week recorded fewer cases compared to the previous week (75). Proportion of cases in children below five years decreased to 45.7 from 50.7% the previous week.
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Malaria
Malaria incidence in Maban refugee camps this week was almost double (1081) compared to 615 cases in the previous week with no related deaths. Out of all the cases, 21.9% were reported in children below five years of age in both Maban and Yida. In Maban County, 503 cases of malaria with no related deaths were reported from facilities serving the host community. Malaria cases in the host community decreased this week compared to those recorded in the previous week (574). The under 5 years old in the host community had a higher incidence of malaria (41.8%) than those in the refugee camps (21.9%). The incidence of malaria among children has for a long time been higher in the host community than in the refugee camps in Maban.
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Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS)
A total of two hundred and seventeen (217) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and four related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida in week 27. (Figures 4 and 5 show AJS Epi-Curve in Maban and Yida). No case was reported from the host community this week. As shown in figure 4 and 5, cumulative AJS cases and related deaths recorded from Maban and Yida refugee camps were 11,122 and 202, and 479 and 13 respectively since the outbreak till week 27.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
South Sudan
Emergency humanitarian situation report
Issue 13
29 April ? 26 May 2013
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Public Health Concerns
Health Situation
Cases of meningitis continue to be reported in Upper Nile state. A total of 141 cases and seven deaths have so far been line listed and managed in the treatment centre in Malakal Teaching Hospital.
Humanitarian access in Jonglei state remains limited. Conflict related displacement continued in Pibor, Jonglei state and the surrounding counties of Pochalla and Kapoeta, Eastern Equatoria state. Most of the health facilities in Pibor have been looted and abandoned, communities are fleeing to the bushes with no access to health services. Over 12,000 people remain displaced with over 227,000 affected by the hostilities.
During this period, cases of measles continued rising in Yirol West and Yirol East, Lakes state, bringing the total number of cases reported from these two counties to 34. Four cases were also reported at Yambio hospital, Western Equatoria, and one from Budi, Eastern Equatoria state. Currently outbreaks have been confirmed in five counties of Juba, Central Equatoria State, Aweil East, Northern Bahr el Ghazal state, Yirol, Lakes states, Torit, Eastern Equatoria state and Yambio, Western Equatoria state.
As the rainy season sets in, most states have started experiencing flash floods leaving some areas inaccessible cut off. It?s expected that as flooding continues in various state, service delivery for health in over fifty percent (50%) of the 80 counties will be affected.
New internally displaced persons have been reported in Northern Bahr el Ghazal state in the areas of Jarkol/walang/Garam and Chalek. The Health cluster partners in Aweil are responding an estimated 10,000 internally displaced persons in these locations.
In Upper Nile and Unity states, the hepatitis E outbreak continued in the refugee camps of Maban and Yida. In this reporting period a total 1117 new cases and 2 deaths were recorded in the refugee camps in Maban and Yida. Health partners continue to carry out interventions to contain the outbreak that has seen over 10,339 cases recorded since the onset of the outbreak. Both Yida and Maban counties host 223,969 refugees who fled from the Sudan.
Communicable Diseases
In this section of the report, figures reported are those of week 19 of the surveillance weeks. During this period a total of 117 suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases with one (1) related deaths were recorded from health facilities across the country. Over 90.7% of the new AJS cases were recorded from Maban refugee camps and 9.3% from Yida camps. There were no
cases reported from the host communities in Maban and Yida. As shown in figures 1 and 2, the cumulative AJS cases recorded from Maban refugee camps was 9,990 and 176 related deaths, while 349 AJS cases and 12 related deaths were recorded from Yida since the beginning of the outbreak. Cases reported from Yida dropped slightly during this reporting week. The new cases recorded in Maban refugee camps continued to decline for the 13th week in a row. When compared to previous weeks, AJS/HEV cases from Batil reduced significantly since mid-February although the attack rate remains the highest of all the camps. Gendrassa and Jamam reported high numbers of AJS/HEV cases this week compared to the past weeks. In general the epidemic is on the decline. This is the sixth week in which cases below 200 have been registered since December 2012.
Community awareness, good sanitation and hygiene practices need to be stepped up in areas where WASH levels are still below standards. The Ministry of Health, WHO, UNHCR, and other health and WASH partners continued to implement different activities to improve the control of the outbreak. No case has been reported from the host community in this week 19.
As of 27 May 2012, a total of 141 cases of meningitis were reported from Malakal county with five related deaths while two others were reported from Jonglei state. Eight cases were also reported from Aweil West county. The Ministry of health declared an outbreak of meningitis in Malakal in week 16, case management and community sensitization have been stepped up, as arrangements to vaccinate 154,000 people in the 6 payams of Malakal started.
WHO carried out investigation visits to areas where Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) cases were reported. The cases were reported from Lopa, Magwi and Ikotos counties, in Eastern Equatoria state; Ayod and Urror counties, in Jonglei state, and Ezo County in Western Equatoria State. Samples were collected and sent to Juba for onward transmission to Nairobi for further analysis. In Lakes and Unity states, AFP surveillance visits were undertaken to Rumbek East and Nyal counties respectively.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
20-26 May 2013
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Meningitis vaccination concluded after reaching up to 124,000 people
The mass-immunization campaign in Upper Nile State which was launched to contain the
meningitis outbreak declared on 30 April was concluded during the reporting period. An
estimated 123,520 people, covering 80 per cent of the target population of people
between two and 30 years of age, were vaccinated by 24 May. As of 26 May, the number
of registered meningitis cases was 141, with seven related deaths.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
South Sudan Humanitarian Update
January-April 2013
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Controlling Hepatitis E
Health organizations working in refugee camps in Upper Nile State
have been working to control a Hepatitis E outbreak which was
announced by the Ministry of Health in July 2012. Since the disease
broke out in Maban County, over 8,800 people have been infected
and about 200 people have died. Maban hosts about 116,000
refugees. Hepatitis E spiked in January and February 2013, leading
to a scale-up of water and sanitation activities. Health officials of the
UN refugee agency (UNHCR) indicated that the population growth in
Maban was a key reason for the spread in the disease.
A water, sanitation and hygiene campaign was implemented across
all four refugee sites in Upper Nile; 700 new latrines were constructed
in Yusuf Batil settlement, where the disease was most prevalent, and
water containers were replaced and soap was distributed. Hygiene
promoters continued to spread messages to educate people about
the disease. Consequently Hepatitis E was brought under control
in Maban by the end of March, but it will be some time before the
disease is expected to be eliminated. Partners remain vigilant for
new cases and health and hygiene activities continue.
In neighbouring Unity State, the disease has reportedly stabilized,
with 270 people infected and 15 deaths since the outbreak was
announced in August 2012.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
WHO Health Emergency Highlights
Emergency Risk Management and Humanitarian Response April 2013
The Republic of South Sudan
Situation highlights
The health situation across the Republic of South Sudan remains fragile and unpredictable. There are high risks of communicable diseases, floods and drought, low access to safe drinking water, food insecurity, and poor sanitation. Environmental factors contribute to the spread of diseases such as water and vector-borne diseases like diarrhoeal diseases, hepatitis, malaria and dengue fever.
Population displacements and movements secondary to internal and external conflict compound the public health threats. According to UNHCR there are 223 888 registered refugees in the Republic of South Sudan. Since the start of January, about 4700 people returned to the Republic of South Sudan from the Sudan (OCHA, February 2013).
Measles, meningitis and hepatitis E were the most common epidemic-prone diseases recorded in April. The hepatitis E outbreak was mainly concentrated in refugee camps in Upper Nile and Unity states with 662 cases and 12 deaths registered. In April, 154 cases of measles (no deaths) were registered across the country.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
29 April - 5 May 2013
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Meningitis outbreak declared in Upper Nile State
On 30 April, the Ministry of Health declared an outbreak of meningitis in
Malakal County, Upper Nile State. As of 5 May, 73 cases had been reported, with three related deaths. Those who have contracted the disease have been between four and 20 years old.
Health partners are mobilizing to carry out a vaccination campaign
targeting over 150,000 people, out of the 220,000 living in Malakal County.
A community outreach campaign will also be rolled out, to increase
communities? awareness of meningitis and help identify new cases as early as
possible. Partners are boosting capacity at the Malakal hospital, including by establishing an isolation ward, and are monitoring
neighbouring counties for an eventual further spread of the outbreak.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Refugee Surveillance Update (Maban and Yida) Epidemiological Week 15 (8th - 14th April 2013)
Highlights
The proportion of health facilities in Maban that submitted the weekly reports to the state and central level reduced to 15 bringing completeness to 68.2% (15 out of 22). (See list of health facilities in Maban and supporting partners on page 2). Only 4 facilities serving the refugees in Maban reported on time in week 15, while reporting from facilities serving the host communities reduced to 11 out of 15 facilities.
Only one health facility serving Yida refugee camp reported on time this week.
Acute watery diarrhea was the leading priority disease recorded in the refugee camps (72.9%), followed by AJS (11.9%), Malaria (8.3%), and Acute Bloody Diarrhea (7.0%).
One hundred and ninety two (192) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and two (2) related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida in week 15. Of the total cases, 83.9% were reported from Maban refugee camps, 15.1% from Yida refugee camp and 1.0% from the host community. Four suspected cases were reported to have come from the host community and were seen by MSF in Gendrassa (2), Batil (1), and Jamam (1). Of the cases from Maban, 37.9% of the cases were reported from Jamam, followed by Batil (32.9%), Gendrassa (21.1%), and Doro (8.1%).
The cumulative AJS cases recorded from Maban refugee camps was 9,592 and 171 related deaths, while 269 AJS cases and 12 related deaths were recorded in Yida from the beginning of the outbreak till week 15.
One suspected meningitis case was reported in Doro camp.
No Measles, Cholera, or VHF cases were reported from all the refugee camps and host community.
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Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD)
A total of 1167 AWD cases were reported in Maban and Yida Refugee camps during this reporting week with no related deaths. Proportion of cases below five years was at 63.9% of all reported AWD cases in all the camps.
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Dysentery (ABD)
A total of 112 cases of ABD with no related deaths were reported in week 15 from the refugee camps. Proportion of cases in children below five years dropped from 40.3% the previous week to 37.5% this week.
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Malaria
A total of 133 malaria cases were reported in week 15 from Yida and Maban refugee camps, with no related deaths. Out of all the cases, 29.3% were reported in children below five years of age. Malaria incidence rate in children has remained the same in three consecutive weeks. In Maban County, 672 cases of malaria with no related deaths were reported from facilities serving the host community. Malaria cases increased slightly compared to those recorded in the previous week (646). The under 5 years old in the host community had a higher incidence of malaria (48.7%) than those in the refugee camps (29.3%).
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Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS)
A total of one hundred and eighty eight (192) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and six (2) related deaths were recorded from Maban in week 15. No death was reported in Yida this week. As has been the trend, 83.7% of new AJS cases were recorded in Maban refugee camps (figure 4 and 5 for AJS Epi-Curve in Maban and Yida). Of the deaths, one was recorded in Batil and another in Gendrassa. As shown figure 4 and 5 below, a cumulative AJS cases recorded from Maban refugee camps was 9,592 and 171 related deaths, while 269 AJS cases and 12 related deaths were recorded in Yida from the beginning of the outbreak till week 15.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
South Sudan
Emergency humanitarian situation report
Issue 9
17 March - 24 March 2013
WHO
...
PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERNS
Health Situation
Health needs of the displaced continue to rise across the country. To date an estimated 12,433 new
displacements have been reported across south Sudan. In this reporting week 1,500 new displacements were
reported in Jaac in Northern Bahr el Ghazal state. High impact health interventions are planned for to respond to
potential public health threats in the areas with displaced persons.
The hepatitis E outbreak is still ongoing in the refugee camps of Maban and Yida. In this reporting week, a total
of 394 cases were recorded in the two refugee camps. Health Partners continue to carry out interventions to
contain the outbreak. Both Yida and Maban counties host over 180,000 refugees that fled the north.
Four suspected cases of AFP were reported this week. One was reported from Raja, Western Bahr el Ghazal
state, one from Northern Bahr el Ghazal state, one from Sakure, Nzara County, and one from Ibba payam, Ibba
County, both in Western Equatoria state. Investigations were conducted and samples collected and sent to Juba
for further investigations, results will be shared later.
Eighteen (18) suspected measles cases were reported this week. Thirteen were reported from Yambio hospital,
2 from Ibba hospital, Ibba County and 3 from Tambura hospital, Tambura County.
The potential outbreak of measles in Fangak county, is raising high concern among health partners working in
the area. According to health partners on ground, a total of 11 deaths were reported by community leaders in
Mareang and Nyadine villages this reporting period.
Health Situation
Communicable Diseases
The overall completeness and timeliness of reporting from health facilities across the country reminded high in
week 11 of 2013. The average completeness rate of reporting from health facilities across the states this
reporting period was 65% (649 out 993 facilities), while average timeliness from various health facilities across
the states was at 56% (552 out of 993 facilities). Northern Bahr el Ghazal state and Central Equatoria State
performed poorly during these reporting periods.
A total of three hundred and forty nine (349) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E
cases) and seven (7) related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida this period. Of these, 95.6% were
reported from Maban refugee camps; 3.3% from Yida refugee camp and 1.1% from the host community in
Maban. From the 95.6% of the cases reported from Maban camps, 37.3% were reported from Yusuf Batil, followed by Gendrasa
(32.7%), Jamam (24%), Doro (4.9%) and (1.1%) from the host community
(Jamam PHCC). Of the deaths recorded in Maban camps, one was recorded
from Doro, three from Batil, one from Jamam camp and another two from Yida. As seen in figure 1 and 2, the cumulative AJS cases
recorded from Maban refugee camps were 8,790 and 150 related deaths,
while 206 AJS cases and 8 deaths have been recorded from Yida since the beginning of the outbreak. New cases recorded in Maban refugee camps continued to decline in week fifty as compared to the previous weeks, although there was an increase in the number of cases in week 11 as compared to week 10. There was a
marked decline of cases from Batil camp this period which for over two months had been contributing more than half of the new cases and 70% of the deaths. Three cases were reported from a facility serving the host community (Jamam PHCC supported by GOAL). This brings the number of cases to 4 in two weeks. Follow up visits are being made to ascertain the actual origin of the cases and to conduct active search for more possible cases in the
community.
A total of Thirteen (13) suspected measles cases (incidence rate of 0.16 per 100,000 populations) with zero related death (CFR 0.0 %) were reported in week 11. Of these, 77% cases were in children below five years of age. The suspected measles cases were reported from Juba, Torit, Kapoeta East, Budi and Yirol West counties.
Twenty four thousand, five hundred and twenty one (24,521) suspected malaria cases (incidence rate of 296.8 per 100,000 populations) with twenty three (23) related deaths (CFR 0.09%) were reported in week 11. Of these, 43% of the cases and 70% of deaths were in children below five years of age. The overall incidence rate slightly decreased in week 11 as compared to week 10. Unity state, Western Bahr el Ghazal state and Upper Nile states accounted for the highest malaria incidence rate in week 11, while the twenty three deaths reported were from Rumbek Center, Rubkona, Yirol West and Maban Counties. The malaria cases recorded in a refugee camp in Yida tripled this week while those from the camps in Maban remained stable.
Five (5) suspected meningitis cases and one (1) related death were recorded from Gogrial West and Abyei Counties. The State Rapid Response team in Warrap state are investigating the suspected meningitis cases and CSF specimen will be collected and sent to Juba for onward transmission to the reference laboratory in Nairobi for analysis.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
REFUGEE SURVEILLANCE UPDATE
(MABAN AND YIDA)
Epidemiological Week 10 11th-16th March 2013
Highlights
The proportion of health facilities in Maban submitting weekly reports to the state and central level remained at 77% (17 out of 22) for third week in a row. (See list of health facilities in Maban and supporting partners in page 2). All the seven facilities serving the refugees in Maban reported in week 10, while reporting from facilities serving the host communities remained stable this week at 10 out of 15 facilities for the second consecutive week
Only one out of the three health facilities serving Yida refugee camp reported on time this week.
In week 10, Acute watery diarrhea was the leading priority diseases recorded in the refugee camps (76%), followed by acute jaundice syndrome (12%) and Malaria (9%)
Two hundred and sixty one (262) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and five (5) related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida. Of these cases and deaths, 97% of cases and 100% of deaths were reported from Maban refugee camps; only 2.7% of cases was reported from Yida refugee camp and for the first time 0.3% was reported from the host community in Maban. Of these cases from Maban, 39.4% of the cases were reported from Yusuf Batil, followed by Gendrasa (35.0%), Jamam (19.7%) and Doro (5.5%) and 0.4% from the host community(Jamam PHCC)
The cumulative AJS cases recorded from Maban refugee camps was 8428 and 138 related deaths, while 197 AJS cases and 5 related deaths were recorded in Yida from the beginning of the outbreak till week 10
Gendrassa refugee camp reported one suspected cases of meningitis and one measles case.
There was no report of suspected cholera, VHF cases reported from all the refugee camps.
...
Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD)
A total of 1640 AWD cases were reported in Maban and Yida Refugee camps during this reporting week with no related deaths. Proportion of cases below five years remained at 67% of all reported AWD
...
Dysentery (ABD)
A total of 59 cases of ABD with no related deaths were reported in week 10. Proportion of cases in children below five years increased to 41% of all reported ABD cases. Figure 2 Above shows a comparison of ABD cases reported by Epi-week and year 2012 ? 2013 in Maban and Yida camps. The ABD trend reported from the refugee camps in Maban and Yida decreased slightly this week
The ABD incidence among the host community in Maban decreased from 198 in week 9 to 38 cases in week 10, with 42% of the cases reported in children below five years.
Malaria
A total of 200 malaria cases were reported in week 10 from Yida and Maban, with no related deaths. Out of all the cases, 57% were reported in children below five years of age. In Maban County 614 cases of malaria with no related deaths were reported from facilities serving the host community.
There has been significant reduction in the cases being reported from Yida majorly due to that two facilities have not been reporting, while the cases being reported from Maban reduced slightly this week.
Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS)
A total of Two hundred and sixty two (262) suspected Acute Jaundice Syndrome (AJS) cases (or Hepatitis E cases) and five (5) related deaths were recorded from Maban and Yida in week 10. As has been the trend for the pas one month 97% of new AJS cases were recorded in Maban refugee camps (figure 4 and 5 for AJS Epi-Curve in Maban and Yida). Six deaths were recorded in Yusuf Batil and one more in Yida camp. As shown figure 4, a total of 8424 AJS/Hepatitis E cases and 151 related deaths were reported since the beginning of the outbreak in the refugee camps in Maban and Pariang Counties, Upper Nile and Unity States respectively. For the first time in six weeks Yusuf Batil has reported less than 50% of the overall cases. Cases from Gendrassa are continuing to increase and this week 35% of the cases and 40% of the deaths were recorded in Gendrassa. But overall there is good progress being made as for the total cases this week was below the ?300? mark for the first time since week 1 of 2013.
Measles: One suspected case of Measles and One meninigitis case was reported in Gendrassa camp with no related death. Samples have been collected for laboratory confirmation.
Other Disease: No suspected case of Viral Haemorrage fever or Influenza like illness was reported during this week.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
South Sudan
Emergency humanitarian situation report
Issue 5
28 January ? 03 February 2013
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Public Health Concerns
Hepatitis E is still ongoing in Upper Nile state. As of this reporting week, a total of 810 cases of Hepatitis E were reported from Maban and Pariang Counties hosting refugee camps alone. This brings the total number of cases
reported since the outbreak to of 5,892 and 107 death.
Surveillance data shows an increase in measles cases across the ten states of South Sudan.
Rabies remains a public health concern. The increasing number of dog bites in Raja and Abeinom areas in Unity state is a worrying situation in the state.
Five cases of cutaneous anthrax were reported from Jur River this reporting period, while in Wau and Deim Zubeir, two suspected cases of Acute Jaundice Syndrome were reported. One sample was collected and sent to Juba for further analysis.
Communicable Diseases
During week 4, the completeness and timeliness level of reporting from health facilities across the country
slightly increased as compared to the previous weeks in 2013. In week 4, the average completeness rate of
reporting in all the states was 57% (562 out 993 facilities), while average timeliness was at 48% (477 out of 993
facilities). None of the health facilities in Lakes state submitted the weekly surveillance report during this period,
while only seven (7) facilities from Jonglei submitted their weekly reports for week 4.
A total of eight hundred ten (810) Hepatitis E cases and eight (8) related deaths were reported from the refugee camps in Maban and Yida in epidemiological week 5. Of these cases, 76% and 100% of the deaths were
reported from Yusuf Batil camp in Maban, where the upsurge of the disease has been recorded since early December 2012. As seen in figure 1, a total of 5,892 hepatitis E cases and 107 related deaths have been reported since the outbreak began in the refugee camps in Maban and Pariang Counties, Upper Nile and Unity States respectively. Cases and deaths recorded in Yusuf Batil
camp in the past 9 weeks also increased four folds as compared to the cumulative cases recorded since the beginning of the outbreak.
Jamam, Gendrasa and Doro equally recorded increased cases in the past 9 weeks. UNHCR together with health and WASH partners have taken steps to contain the surge of cases in all camps, Yusuf Batil in particular.
Assessments conducted by MSF Holland and Belgium in Yusuf Batil and Doro respectively on water and
sanitation conditions in the camps indicated that there are major gaps in sanitation and hygiene situation at
household and Sheikdom levels. There are very few hand-washing facilities at the households levels, while
decommissioning full latrines is a major problem in all camps. Waste management at the camps and market
place is also a major gap that requires urgent attention. UNHCR and other partners are fully committed to scaling
up water and sanitation interventions to address existing identified gaps during the assessments.
In this reporting week, thirty three (33) suspected measles cases were reported from Juba, Budi, Kapoeta East,
Wau, Maridi and Yambio counties. State Rapid Response teams and health partners are currently investigating
the reported cases, and blood samples are expected to be collected and sent to Juba for further investigations.
Measles surveillance was enhanced across the country, and all state surveillance officers have been equipped
with required materials for investigations.
While in Guit County, Unity State one suspected case of meningitis case was recorded in, a child under five
years of age. Since the start of the year, a total of eleven (11) suspected meningitis cases have been recorded.
Malaria remained the leading cause of morbidity and mortality reported 5 contributing to 72% of all cases, and
48% of all reported death. In this period, a total of 24,015 suspected malaria cases and 19 related deaths were
reported across the country. Of these cases and deaths, 39% and 24% were in children below five years of age
respectively.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
21-27 January 2013
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Hepatitis E surge confirmed in Upper Nile settlements
A surge in the number of cases of Hepatitis E in the four refugee camps has affected 3,319 people and led to 69 deaths since July 2012, the Ministry of Health, UNHCR and WHO confirmed on 26 January.
The increase in the number of cases and suspected cases has mainly affected the Yusuf Batil site, which alone accounted for over 1,900 cases, including 39 deaths, or 71 per cent of all reported new cases. The camp currently holds over 36,000 refugees.
The increase in Hepatitis E in Yusuf Baitl was confirmed during a registration exercise in early December which, according to UNHCR, could have been caused by the growth in population due to refugee influx from Sudan?s Blue Nile State.
While there is no treatment or WHO-approved vaccine for Hepatitis E, the risk of infection can be significantly reduced by improving water and sanitation conditions and avoiding eating uncooked fruits and vegetables. In response to the spike, aid agencies are accelerating the construction of 700 latrines and additional boreholes in Yusuf Batil, including the distribution of soap and replacement of 22,000 jerry cans suspected to be a source of infection if filled with contaminated water. An additional 5,000 buckets are expected to arrive in the settlement in the coming days. Enhanced disease surveillance, water chlorination, and a health and hygiene promotion campaign in markets, schools, and at the household level are underway.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
Humanitarian Bulletin
South Sudan
14-20 January 2013
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Jonglei State
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Medical supplies in the local health centre are reportedly depleting rapidly as demand for
services increased. According to health partners, an average of 40 malaria, 35 diarrhea and 72 acute respiratory infection cases per week were reported. Aid agencies are mobilizing support to respond to the needs of the people displaced.
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Reported increase in Hepatitis E in Upper Nile
Humanitarian organizations are concerned about a reported increase of suspected Hepatitis E cases in refugee camps in Upper Nile State. While the number of cases was on the decline towards the end of 2012, MSF reported an increase in cases since mid-December in Jamam and Gendrassa refugee sites. In Yusuf Batil site, MSF recorded 742 new suspected cases in the first two weeks of January, with 87 admissions to the hospital and 17 deaths. In the reporting week in Doro settlement, MSF identified 18 suspected Hepatitis E cases. Following reports of an increase in suspected cases, the Ministry of Health, the World Health Organization and the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) are carrying out an investigation to assess the health situation and to ensure an appropriate response.
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Re: Republic of South Sudan: Humanitarian Bulletins 2012/ 2013
South Sudan
Emergency humanitarian situation report
Issue 1
31 December ? 06 January 2013
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PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERNS
Over 8,000 people remain displaced in the state of Northern Bahr el Ghazal state. Availability of health
services have been identified as an urgent need.
One suspected case of Viral haemorrhagic fever was reported from Terekeka County, central equatorial
state this reporting period. Blood sample was collected from the patient and sent to a reference laboratory in
Nairobi Kenya. The patient continues to be cared for in isolation with strict barrier nursing as results are
being awaited.
Three suspected cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) were reported this week, one from Equatorial state,
one from Gogrial west in Warrap state and one from Pochalla in Jonglei state. WHO together with the state
ministry of health state teams are investigating and following up with these cases.
Suspected cases of measles resulting to some death were recorded in Northern Bahr el Ghazal during this
period, (county health department). The WHO hub in the state in collaboration with the ministry of health
sent a technical team to investigate reports of suspected cases. The outcome of the investigations will be
shared in the next issue.
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