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  • #16
    Source: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/1...ar+-+Sitrep+01

    Plague Outbreak
    Madagascar
    External Report 01

    ...As of 3 October 2017, a total of 194 cases (suspected, probable and confirmed) with 30 deaths (case fatality rate 15.5%) have been reported from 20 districts in 10 regions. Of these, 124 cases and 21 deaths (case fatality rate 16.9%) had the pneumonic form of the disease. Eight healthcare workers from one health facility in Tamatave have contracted pneumonic plague. Of 29 cases with specimens collected, 19 (66%) have been confirmed by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or RDT performed at the Institut Pasteur de
    Madagascar. On 3 October 2017, 37 new cases including 2 deaths have been reported....

    Comment


    • #17
      Madagascar in panic amid raging ?double plague? outbreak; dozens dead

      All public gatherings banned, schools closed as people swarm pharmacies.

      BETH MOLE - 10/6/2017


      An unusually deadly seasonal outbreak of plague has gripped the island nation of Madagascar. As of Friday, 258 have been sickened and 36 have died just since August, according to Madagascar?s Ministry of Public Health.

      To try to stifle the spread, the government has forbidden public gatherings, including sporting events, and schools have closed for insecticide treatments that kill plague-spreading fleas. People have swarmed pharmacies, desperately seeking face masks and any antibiotics they can get. The World Health Organization on Friday announced that it has released $1.5 million in emergency funds and delivered nearly 1.2 million antibiotic doses to help combat the outbreak.

      Enlarge / Distribution of plague as of 2016.


      Plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is endemic to Madagascar and pops up all year-round. But outbreaks can erupt between September to November, with seasonal shifts in rat and flea populations. Rats, which harbor the bacteria, tend to see their populations plump and peak around harvest times in July and August. A boom in the flea population, which transmits the disease, follows in tandem. But as crops are harvested and the weather cools, the rat population shrinks, and the surging, hungry batch of fleas turns to humans.

      The island has been battling the disease since it arrived there on steamboats from India in 1898. (The disease still appears in many countries around the world, including the US, but most epidemics occur in African countries.) Madagascar got a handle on its seasonal outbreaks during the 1950s with the help of antibiotics, insecticides, and better hygiene campaigns. But it lost its grip in the 1990s when it started seeing increases in case counts. In recent years, the country has tallied between 275 and 675 cases annually (PDF).

      But this year is different. The disease is spreading not just in rural, agricultural areas; it?s also spreading in cities. As of September 30, the disease had taken hold in 10 cities across the island, including the capital, Antananarivo.

      ?WHO is concerned that plague could spread further because it is already present in several cities and this is the start of the epidemic season, which usually runs from September to April,? Dr. Charlotte Ndiaye, WHO representative in Madagascar, said in a recent statement.

      READ MORE
      All public gatherings banned, schools closed as people swarm pharmacies.
      ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
      Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

      ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

      Comment


      • #18
        Plague: Madagascar schools closed as death toll rises to 42

        October 8, 2017

        Schools in several cities across Madagascar will stay closed this week due to an outbreak of bubonic plague, with the death toll rising to 42, the Health Ministry said on Sunday. The government had already prohibited crowds from gathering in order to curb the further spread of the dangerous disease that had sickened 343 people as at Sunday, according to Health Ministry figures.

        On Friday, the ministry put the death toll at 36, with 250 sickened. “In the heavily populated capital, Antananarivo, 142 people have been infected. Schools in the affected cities of Antananarivo, Toamasina and other regions have been closed for a week,” the health ministry said.

        Outbreaks of bubonic plague are common in Madagascar, which lies off Africa’s south-eastern coast, but the most recent outbreak has included cases of the more serious pneumonic form of plague. About 400 cases of plague are reported in Madagascar every year, most of them bubonic, which is transmitted by flies.

        The much rarer pneumonic strain of the disease that is spread person-to-person is fatal unless treated within 24 hours. The World Health Organisation (WHO) said it had delivered 1.4 million doses of antibiotics to Madagascar in view of the plague.

        “With this up to 5,000 infected people can be treated and 100,000 can be given a prophylaxis. With early diagnosis, the chances of recovery are good,” said WHO.
        “In the heavily populated capital, Antananarivo, 142 people have been infected.”
        ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
        Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

        ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

        Comment


        • #19
          Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/madagas...9-october-2017
          Plague outbreak - Madagascar - External Situation Report 02 - 9 October 2017

          Report

          from World Health Organization Published on 09 Oct 2017 ? View Original
          1. Situation update
          The outbreak of plague in Madagascar continues to evolve. Since our last report on 4 October 2017, a total of 230 new suspected cases including 17 deaths (case fatality rate 7.4%) were reported. Between 1 August and 8 October 2017, a total of 387 cases (suspected, probable and confirmed) including 45 deaths (case fatality rate 11.6%) have been reported from 27 out of 114 districts in the country. Of these, 277 cases (71.6%) had the pneumonic form of the disease, 106 were bubonic plague, one case was septicaemic plague, and 3 cases were unspecified...

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          • #20
            Translation Google

            Back-to-School Reporting, Prohibited Meetings (Updated)

            The plague in Madagascar rises to 54 dead

            Posted by IPR 1 hour ago

            Since the beginning of August 2017, Madagascar is facing an epidemic of plague. From 1 August to 11 October, 500 cases were counted. 54 people have died. To fight against the spread, the back-to-school period was postponed by one week. The public gatherings were also temporarily suspended. At the same time, 1,000 volunteers from the Malagasy Red Cross have been mobilized in districts affected by the epidemic.

            According to a latest report published on Wednesday 11 October by the Ministry of Health Malagasy, the record of the plague climb to 54 deaths. Since August, 500 people have been infected with the disease. To combat the spread of the epidemic, the government calls for "civism" and deplore this "brutal apparition", "outside the seasonal period".

            Airport checks were strengthened and public gatherings banned. The return to school was also postponed for a week so as not to expose the children to "allergies following the disinfection of the buildings". The government is also calling for health services as soon as symptoms such as "sudden onset of fever, headache, cough, difficulty breathing or sputum with blood" appear.
            ...


            Depuis le début du mois d'août 2017, Madagascar fait face à une épidémie de peste. Du 1er août au 11 octobre, 500 cas ont été comptés. 54 personnes sont décédées. Pour lutter contre la propagation, la rentrée scolaire a été repoussée d'une semaine. Les rassemblements publics ont...
            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
            -Nelson Mandela

            Comment


            • #21
              Translation Google

              Plague epidemic - Very high spread risk, according to WHO

              12.10.2017 | 8:35 News, Alaune, Politics0

              According to WHO, the epidemic of plague in Madagascar is to "grade 2". Although the isolation of the Big Island is removed, the risk of spreading national, however, is "very high".

              table card. According to the World Health Organization, the epidemic of plague in Madagascar is grade 2. A classification that would involve a risk of spreading national, very high. Information shared during the meeting between the government, the diplomatic corps and the technical and financial partners (TFP) yesterday at Mahazoarivo.

              The meeting, which lasted nearly two hours, was to share information between the government and international partners on the development of the disease and devices committed to combat it. The openness and transparency would have been the watchword of the meeting. "We are completely transparent, giving you all the information. There is no reason not to be, "said Henri would Rabary-Njaka, Minister of Foreign Affairs, according to the echoes of the meeting.

              That said, Charlotte Ndiaye, WHO representative in Madagascar would have explained to the audience that this international body has classified the epidemic grade 2. This would mean that the risk of spreading pneumonic plague nationally is very high. At the regional level, the risk is moderate and internationally, it is low.

              plotting

              International partners of the Big Island, the WHO representative would have indicated that, given the level of risk, the International Health Regulations, voted and approved by all countries of the world, would imply that there is no restrictions on flights and the commercial movements in Madagascar, at the entrance and exit. A green light, subject to the application of the WHO health checks.

              To reassure their interlocutors, members of the government are in particular struggled to assert respect for these health checks. The head of the Malagasy diplomacy even stressed the descent of the Minister of Health and that of Transport, in Ivato, the night of October 10, to check the strict application of health standards that are needed to fight against the international spread of the epidemic.

              "As the WHO has said, the epidemic is level 2. (...) It is at level 3 that the isolation of the country is the most to be feared," said Solonandrasana Olivier Mahafaly, Prime Minister at the end of the meeting. The objective of convincing the donors not to cut ties with Madagascar, as did the Seychelles. A case of plague, however, been reported in the archipelago on Tuesday.

              A 34 year old man would have contracted the disease in the Big Island, he would have left before that Seychelles barricading its borders. WHO would have conceded during yesterday's meeting that there would be difficulties in maintaining the epidemic so that it does not get out. The level of risk does not require Madagascar be quarantined. "Grade 2" prescribed by WHO could, however, be less reassuring nationally.

              The high risk of national spread is explained by the fact that it would be "difficult to trace and stop the contamination chain." Reported cases appear, in fact, trigger sporadically in about forty locality. The population density in some affected areas as Antananarivo and Toamasina, could be among the parameters confirming the very high risk of spread of pneumonic plague.

              Added to this is the questionable hygiene of certain categories of fast food. There are also up-and-goings of people confined in transit. disinfection operations, suspension of combinations or events deemed dangerous in the reported locations of plague and the temporary cessation of course, seem to be enough. Official events, religious cults, or, the evenings are always full. This is all the more, not counting the incivility of the population. The families that hide the sick, or patients who are hiding.

              Garry Fabrice Ranaivoson

              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
              -Nelson Mandela

              Comment


              • #22
                GENERAL SITUATION OF PLAGUE IN MADAGASCAR

                For the whole Grande ?le, 35 Districts were affected by the plague epidemic.
                In total, 561 reported cases of plague were recorded, 415 of which were pulmonary,
                145 of bubonic forms and another case that is unspecified.


                In general, there are 57 deaths with a national case fatality rate of 10.2% (this is
                the ratio of the number of deaths to the total number of reported cases).

                ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN
                - A meeting was held yesterday at the Prime Minister's Office in the presence of the partners
                humanitarian organizations (WHO, USAID, UNICEF, etc.). It was pointed out that
                9.9 million Euros is needed to support the fight against
                spread of plague at the country level.

                - On October 11, 2017, the USA, through USAID, handed over to the State
                Malagasy:
                - 8 mobile clinic vehicles (6 for Antananarivo and 2 for Toamasina)
                - 2 riposte cars for Toamasina;
                - 100,000 masks;
                - 180 050 respiratory protection masks;
                - 490,600 pairs of gloves;
                - 150 000 bottles (150 ml) of water and 300 containers of water.

                - Sectoral interventions continue to make their contribution
                response to plague (communication, awareness, distribution
                posters, etc.). However, the Strategic Coordination Center at
                of the BNGRC, recommends defining more specific types of activities.

                - The Ministry of Public Health continued disinfection and chemo
                prophylaxis in the Districts of Tan? V, Tan? IV and Tan? II, in the
                city ​​of Antananarivo.

                - A BNGRC team is already in Toamasina to strengthen coordination
                intersectoral activities in the Regions of Atsinanana and Analanjirofo.

                - Today, the BNGRC plans to deploy three teams to support the
                Coordination in the Boeny / Betsiboka Regions, High
                Matsiatra / Vainankaratra and Itasy / Bongolava.

                - The education sector has disinfected 2,054 schools in
                the Regions of Analamanga, Atsinanana, Analanjirofo, Boeny, Itasy, High
                Matsiatra and Amoron'i Mania. It also plans to disinsect other
                3,720 schools in these regions.

                - The next meeting of all stakeholders, every Tuesday and Thursday in
                16:00 at the BNGRC;

                - Committee meetings each day, followed by a report from the Chiefs of
                commission daily and to share with the BNGRC.
                ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                Comment


                • #23
                  Plague outbreak - Madagascar - External Situation Report 03 -12 October 2017

                  Report

                  from World Health Organization Published on 12 Oct 2017 ? View Original


                  Download PDF (1.8 MB)


                  1. Situation update
                  The outbreak of plague in Madagascar continues, with an overall reduction in the case fatality rate. On 12 October 2017, 61 new cases and no deaths were reported from six districts. Between 1 August and 12 October 2017, a total of 684 cases (suspected, probable and confirmed) including 57 deaths (case fatality rate 8.3%) have been reported from 35 out of 114 districts in the country. Of these, 474 cases (69.3%) were clinically classified as pneumonic plague, 156 (22.8%) were bubonic plague, one case was septicaemic plague, and 54 cases were unspecified. At least fifteen healthcare workers have contracted plague since the beginning of the outbreak...

                  Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/madagas...2-october-2017

                  Comment


                  • #24
                    Translation Google


                    Health - The epidemic of plague is growing

                    14.10.2017 | 7:34 News, alaune, Social0

                    The number of victims of the plague is growing. Six suspected plague patients were buried at the Anjanahary mass grave yesterday.

                    Overwhelmed. Officers from the municipal office of hygiene (BMH) have scheduled the funeral of six suspected body of plague in the common grave of Anjanahary yesterday. They would all be dead, on Friday 13, a source with the BMH. "Five died in downtown hospitals, three of them in Befelatanana, one in the anti-plague hospital in Ambohimiandra and one in a mother-child hospital. The sixth victim was listed in Manjakaray. She suddenly lost her life on the street, near a bus stop, "the source said. Two of the victims are children. And the man who died in Manjakaray, was returning from a funeral wake. He spat blood, according to testimony.

                    On 12 October, the hospital Anosiala also recorded a suspected death of plague case. It is a stranger. He was hospitalized for an illness other than the plague, but have already had the bacteria in him, and was tested positive for plague. Last night, another suspected case in Anosiala have also died, according to a local authority.

                    Brutal

                    In another hospital of Antananarivo city, Thursday afternoon, people wept bitterly the sudden death of a loved one. They were not expected it. Admitted to another department for another disease, their loved one has been tested positive for the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) of the plague at his death. All these victims were all tested positive for pneumonic plague. "In hospitals, there are protective equipment against infection. Our role is to ensure that no health worker, no sick person or a sick companion is infected, "reassures Mamoudou Harouna Djingarey, Head of Program for Infectious Risk Management in the Organization World health (WHO).

                    The plague, bubonic or lung, is a disease that can be cured. Since the onset of the epidemic, ninety-seven patients recovered.
                    The delay treatment at health facilities would be the main cause of these deaths. "When there are worrying symptoms, call the freephone number 910 and wait at home before the arrival of medical teams. Ambulances were placed in all districts for transportation of patients. Self-medication is dangerous, "teaches are we at an orientation and mobilization of journalists at the National Bureau of Risk Management and Disaster (BNGRC) to Antanimora.

                    Miangaly Ralitera

                    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                    -Nelson Mandela

                    Comment


                    • #25
                      Translation Google

                      FLASH NEWSLETTER: Center for Study of Reflection Thinking and Orientation 

                      Madagasikara - EPIDEMIC OF THE PESTE Group Date Time: 14 Oct. 2017 - 17:00

                      GENERAL SITUATION OF PLAGUE IN MADAGASCAR

                      The epidemiological situation from 1 August to 13 October 2017 is detailed as follows:

                      - Total number of cases reported (cumulative for all Madagascar for all this
                      period and for any type of plague): 610;

                      - Number of deceased persons (cumulative for all Madagascar for all this
                      period and for any type of plague): 63;

                      - National lethality rate: 10.3% (this is the ratio of the number of deaths
                      total number of notified cases);

                      Between October 11, 2017 and October 13, 2017, there were 49 cases (cumulative
                      for all Madagascar for all this period and for any type of plague confused)
                      including 6 deceased.

                      It is, however, also important to note that a large number of cases
                      reported (among the 610 announced therefore) here are either:

                      - already out of the hospital and cured;
                      - probable but unconfirmed cases;
                      - suspected but unconfirmed cases;

                      ...
                      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                      -Nelson Mandela

                      Comment


                      • #26
                        Translation Google

                        GENERAL SITUATION OF PLAGUE IN MADAGASCAR

                        The plague epidemic is currently affecting 38 districts,
                        17 Regions of Madagascar.

                        Generally, 805 cases of plague were reported, of which 595 were pulmonary and 210
                        bubonic forms.


                        The report shows 74 deaths, with a national case fatality rate of 9.2% (the
                        number of deaths with the total number of reported cases).

                        Among these notified cases:
                        - 62 are confirmed according to the results of the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar (IPM);
                        - 367 are probable according to the rapid diagnostic test (TDR);
                        - 377 are suspect cases.

                        (Source: Ministry of Public Health - 16 October 2017)
                        ...

                        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                        -Nelson Mandela

                        Comment


                        • #27
                          Source: https://reliefweb.int/report/madagas...7-october-2017
                          Plague outbreak - Madagascar - External Situation Report 04 - 17 October 2017

                          Report

                          from World Health Organization Published on 18 Oct 2017 ? View Original


                          Download PDF (1.9 MB)


                          1. Situation update
                          Madagascar is experiencing a large outbreak of plague affecting major cities and other non-endemic areas since August 2017. Between 1 August and 15 October 2017, a total of 849 cases (suspected, probable and confirmed) including 67 deaths (case fatality rate 7.9%) have been reported from 37 (32.5%) out of 114 districts in the country. Of these, 568 cases (67%) were clinically classified as pneumonic plague, 155 (18.3%) were bubonic plague, one case was septicaemic plague, and 125 cases were unspecified. At least 39 healthcare workers have contracted plague since the beginning of the outbreak.
                          Of the 849 reported cases, 78 (9.2%) were confirmed, 304 (35.8%) were classified as probable after testing positive on rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and 467 (55%) remain suspected. Eleven strains of Yersinia pestis have been isolated and were sensitive to antibiotics recommended by the National Program for the Control of Plague.
                          Eighteen (81.2%) out of 22 regions in the country, including traditionally non-endemic areas, have been affected. The district of Antananarivo Renivohitra has been the most affected, accounting for 57.1% of the reported cases. As of 16 October 2017, a total of 3745 contacts were identified, 79.2% (2 967) of them were followed up on the day of reporting...

                          Comment


                          • #28
                            Translation Google


                            THURSDAY 18 OCTOBER 2017: FLASH BULLETIN OF THE PESTS

                            GENERAL SITUATION OF PLAGUE IN MADAGASCAR

                            Currently, 39 districts in 17 regions of Madagascar are affected
                            by the epidemic of plague.

                            On this day, 911 cases were reported, including: 612 pulmonary forms, 175 forms
                            bubonic and 124 unspecified.

                            The general assessment shows: 554 people who are already cured and taken out of the hospital,
                            262 people in treatment and 95 deaths.
                            ...
                            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                            -Nelson Mandela

                            Comment


                            • #29
                              Translation Google

                              PLAGUE EPIDEMIC: NOTABLE CHANGE IN THE NUMBER OF CASES CONFIRMED:

                              Friday, October 20, 2017

                              The Ministry of Public Health organized a press conference this afternoon on 19 October to inform the population of the current situation of the plague epidemic. The Director of Health Surveillance and Epidemiological Surveillance presented the figures for the last epidemiological situation of 18 October at 11 pm. So since August 1, 2017, 911 cases are reported, 262 are under treatment and 554 people are cured. These figures have been extracted from the graphs showing the number of suspected cases and confirmed cases. These patterns showed a notable change in the number of these latter cases. From 14 October to 17, there were no confirmed cases. The Minister of Public Health Mamy Lalatiana Andriamanarivo said that people consult health centers because they are sensitized, especially by the press. He also revealed that there is no vaccine against plague. He called for multi-sectoral collaboration, especially the Andrimasompokonolona in the fight against this epidemic. Regarding the dignified and secure burial protocol, the head of the Department of Health said that researchers are working with the Malagasy parties so that this protocol can respect the Malagasy culture. The Minister also took advantage of this meeting with the press to mention the number of deaths greater than in previous plague seasons. A considerable number due to the fact that it is Urban Pulmonary Plague. WHO resident representative Charlotte Faty Ndyaie reiterated that there is no drug breakdown and that all partners are present to support the Department of Health in this fight. These include WHO, UNICEF, USAID, French Embassy, M?decins du Monde. The Secretary General, the Director General of Health, the Central Directors and the representatives of the various partners honored the press conference with their presence.

                              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                              -Nelson Mandela

                              Comment


                              • #30
                                Translation Google

                                Epidemic of plague: MSF launches an intervention in Madagascar ?Tamatave, 19 October 2017

                                On 18 October, M?decins Sans Fronti?res (MSF) began working with local authorities to tackle the plague epidemic in the Tamatave port city of eastern Madagascar.
                                ...
                                The port city of Tamatave, also known as Toamasina, is home to 300 000 people and is one of the largest outbreaks of cases of pneumonic plague in the country with 261 cases and 10 deaths since the beginning of this epidemic.
                                ...
                                Le 18 octobre, Médecins Sans Frontières a commencé à travailler avec les autorités locales pour s’attaquer à l’épidémie de peste pulmonaire qui sévit dans la ville portuaire de Tamatave, dans l’est de Madagascar.
                                "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                                -Nelson Mandela

                                Comment

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