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PLoS One . Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Japanese COVID-19 patients

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  • PLoS One . Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Japanese COVID-19 patients


    PLoS One


    . 2021 Apr 6;16(4):e0249449.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249449. eCollection 2021.
    Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Japanese COVID-19 patients


    Makoto Hiki 1 2 , Yoko Tabe 3 , Tomohiko Ai 3 , Yuya Matsue 2 , Norihiro Harada 4 , Kiichi Sugimoto 5 , Yasushi Matsushita 6 , Masakazu Matsushita 6 , Mitsuru Wakita 7 , Shigeki Misawa 7 , Mayumi Idei 3 8 , Takashi Miida 3 , Naoto Tamura 6 , Kazuhisa Takahashi 4 , Toshio Naito 9



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies in symptomatic Japanese COVID-19 patients.
    Methods: Serum samples (n = 114) from 34 COVID-19 patients with mild to critical clinical manifestations were examined. The presence and titers of IgG antibody for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were determined by a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) using Alinity i SARS-CoV-2 IgG and by an immunochromatographic (IC) IgM/IgG antibody assay using the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Test.
    Results: IgG was detected by the CMIA in 40%, 88%, and 100% of samples collected within 1 week, 1-2 weeks, and 2 weeks after symptom onset in severe and critical cases, and 0%, 38%, and 100% in mild/moderate cases, respectively. In severe and critical cases, the positive IgG detection rate with the IC assay was 60% within one week and 63% between one and two weeks. In mild/moderate cases, the positive IgG rate was 17% within one week and 63% between one and two weeks; IgM was positive in 80% and 75% of severe and critical cases, and 42% and 88% of mild/moderate cases, respectively. On the CMIA, no anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were detected in COVID-19 outpatients with mild symptoms within 10 days from onset, whereas 50% of samples from severe inpatients were IgG-positive in the same period. The IC assay detected higher IgM positivity earlier from symptom onset in severe and critical cases than in mild/moderate cases.
    Conclusions: A serologic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody analysis can complement PCR for diagnosing COVID-19 14 days after symptom onset.


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