Allergy
. 2020 Jun 14.
doi: 10.1111/all.14449. Online ahead of print.
A Compendium Answering 150 Questions on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2
Carmen Riggioni 1 2 , Pasquale Comberiati 3 4 , Mattia Giovannini 5 , Ioana Agache 6 , M?beccel Akdis 7 , Magna Alves-Correia 8 , Josep M Ant? 9 10 11 12 , Alessandra Arcolaci 13 , Ahmet Kursat Azkur 14 , Dilek Azkur 15 , Burcin Beken 16 , Cristina Boccabella 17 , Jean Bousquet 18 19 , Heimo Breiteneder 20 , Daniela Carvalho 21 , Leticia De Las Vecillas 22 , Zuzana Diamant 23 24 25 , Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia 26 , Thomas Eiwegger 27 28 29 , Stefanie Eyerich 30 , Wytske Fokkens 31 , Ya-Dong Gao 32 , Farah Hannachi 33 , Sebastian L Johnston 34 , Marek Jutel 35 36 , Aspasia Karavelia 37 , Ludger Klimek 38 , Beatriz Moya 39 , Kari Nadeau 40 , Robyn O'Hehir 41 42 , Liam O'Mahony 43 , Oliver Pfaar 44 , Marek Sanak 45 , J?rgen Schwarze 46 , Milena Sokolowska 7 47 , Mar?a J Torres 26 , Willem van de Veen 7 47 , Menno C van Zelm 41 42 , De Yun Wang 48 , Luo Zhang 49 , Rodrigo Jim?nez-Saiz 50 51 52 , Cezmi A Akdis 7
Affiliations
- PMID: 32535955
- DOI: 10.1111/all.14449
Abstract
In December 2019, China reported the first cases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has developed into a pandemic. To date it has resulted in ~6.5 million confirmed cases and caused almost 400,000 related deaths worldwide. Unequivocally, the COVID-19 pandemic is the gravest health and socio-economic crisis of our time. In this context, numerous questions have emerged in demand of basic scientific information and evidence-based medical advice on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Although the majority of the patients show a very mild, self-limiting viral respiratory disease, many clinical manifestations in severe patients are unique to COVID-19, such as severe lymphopenia and eosinopenia, extensive pneumonia, a "cytokine storm" leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, endothelitis, thrombo-embolic complications and multiorgan failure. The epidemiologic features of COVID-19 are distinctive and have changed throughout the pandemic. Vaccine and drug development studies and clinical trials are rapidly growing at an unprecedented speed. However, basic and clinical research on COVID-19-related topics should be based on more coordinated high-quality studies. This paper answers pressing questions, formulated by young clinicians and scientists, on SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and allergy, focusing on the following topics: virology, immunology, diagnosis, management of patients with allergic disease and asthma, treatment, clinical trials, drug discovery, vaccine development and epidemiology. Over 140 questions were answered by experts in the field providing a comprehensive and practical overview of COVID-19 and allergic disease.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; allergen immunotherapy; allergy; asthma; coronavirus disease 2019; cytokine storm syndrome; epidemiology; pandemic; prevention; severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2.